Effect of propolis and honey in hyperglycemia-induced kidney and liver injuries, proteinuria, and oxidant and antioxidant parameters

Table 8 Effect of interventions on D-glucose-induced changes in antioxidant enzymes, proteins, and malondialdehyde concentrations in pancreatic tissues, mean ± SD

Parameters/pancreatic tissue	Interventions					F/P value
	C	D	D + P	D + H	D + P + H
GSH (μg/g tissue)	33.1 ± 4.07	11.85 ± 0.281	29.48 ± 6.52	23.0 ± 6.52	28 ± 2.942	15.2/0.001
GPx (nmol GSH/min/mg prt)	12.66 ± 3	4.45 ± 0.351	7.47 ± 1.172	7.97 ± 2.1	8.37 ± 1.062	13.76/0.001
MDA (nmol/g tissue)	28.84 ± 8.15	58.26 ± 8.971	37.7 ± 4.87	31.73 ± 4.472	33.17 ± 6.62	12.11/0.001
CAT (µmol H2O2/min/mg prt)	20.54 ± 3	11.25 ± 1.471	17.6 ± 1.662	16.5 ± 0.432	18.49 ± 1.52	20.6/0.001
Protein (mg/g tissue)	7 ± 0.35	5.48 ± 0.031	5.75 ± 0.311	5.27 ± 0.11	6.5 ± 0.162,3,4	53.6/0.001

¹Compared to Control.

²Compared to D-glucose.

³Compared to D-glucose + Propolis.

⁴Compared to D-glucose + Honey.

H: Honey; P: Propolis; C: Control; D; D-glucose; GSH: Glutathione; GPx: Glutathione peroxidase; MDA: Malondialdehyde; CAT: Catalase.