Effect of propolis and honey in hyperglycemia-induced kidney and liver injuries, proteinuria, and oxidant and antioxidant parameters

Table 5 Effect of interventions on liver function tests and lipid profile, mean ± SD

Parameters	Interventions					F/P value
	C	D	D + P	D + H	D + P + H
TC	46.71 ± 2.72	64.75 ± 2.301	55.93 ± 2.331,2	57.36 ± 3.13	54.5 ± 8.68	11/0.001
LDL	40.19 ± 3.50	48.69 ± 2.61	44.62± 2.20	45.51 ± 4.27	40.32 ± 4.45	5.4/0.003
HDL	19.73 ± 0.61	13.42 ± 1.361	16.3 ± 1.93	17 ± 2.19	16.68 ± 1.83	9/0.001
TG	27.68 ± 1.72	43.31 ± 2.821	36.71 ± 3.651	36.77 ± 4.28	36.52 ± 3.53	13.7/0.001
ALT	68.13 ± 2.21	94 ± 3.541	80.2 ± 2.951,2	82.88 ± 2.581	76.5 ± 2.232	60.38/0.001
AST	144.4 ± 6.35	198 ± 5.21	170 ± 7.9b	175 ± 11.41	160.9 ± 10.32	28.31/0.001
ALP	52.8 ± 4.66	94.33 ± 13.31	76.9 ± 4.471	79.2 ± 8.331	75.6 ± 6.31	17.85/0.001
LDH	59.9 ± 4.2	99.2 ± 10.351	72.27 ± 8.21,2	73 ± 4.32	72 ± 4.9	22.18/0.001
TB	0.75 ± 0.04	1.32 ± 0.071	1.03 ± 0.041,2	0.92 ± 0.031,2	0.81 ± 0.072	91.06/0.001
Albumin	4.39 ± 0.27	2.69 ± 0.101	3.64 ± 0.17	3.61 ± 0.27	3.76 ± 0.35	30/0.001

¹Compared to Control.

²Compared to D-glucose.

H: Honey; P: Propolis; C: Control; D; D-glucose; TC: Total cholesterol; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; HDL: High density lipoprotein; TG: Triglycerides; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; TB: Tuberculosis.