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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Exp Med. Sep 20, 2025; 15(3): 99330
Published online Sep 20, 2025. doi: 10.5493/wjem.v15.i3.99330
Published online Sep 20, 2025. doi: 10.5493/wjem.v15.i3.99330
Table 2 Phenolic compounds identification and quantification of propolis and honey using ultra performance liquid chromatographic-diode array detector, mean ± SD
| Compounds (mg/kg) | Propolis | Honey (P value) |
| Catechin | 8.15 ± 0.1 | 9.3 ± 2.0 (0.376) |
| Vanilic acid | 15.04 ± 0.7 | 5.8 ± 0.21 (0.001) |
| o-Coumaric acid | Not detected | 13.4 ± 0.7 |
| Ferrulic acid | 56.78 ± 0.6 | 17.1 ± 1.01 (0.001) |
| Ellagic acid | 78.92 ± 3.8 | 27.6 ± 0.31 (0.001) |
| Naringin | 213.76 ± 0.5 | 11.8 ± 0.21 (0.001) |
| Hesperidin | 121.98 ± 0.3 | Not detected |
| Apigenin | 50.37 ± 0.8 | 24.8 ± 0.21 (0.001) |
| Cinnamic acid | 42.87 ± 0.4 | 4.7 ± 0.31 (0.001) |
| Resveratrol | 81.22 ± 0.2 | 17.6 ± 3.71 (0.001) |
| Rosmarinic acid | 105.09 ± 5.2 | 38.4 ± 4.11 (0.001) |
| Rutin | 60.11 ± 2.1 | Not detected |
| Chlorogenic acid | 11.19 ± 0.1 | Not detected |
| Quercetin | 22.51 ± 1.3 | Not detected |
| Kaempferol | 89.64 ± 1.2 | 14.9 ± 2.81 (0.001) |
| Gallic acid | Not detected | 18.8 ± 0.5 |
- Citation: Touzani S, Al-Waili N, Laaroussi H, Aboulghazi A, Hamas N, Imtara H, El Ghouizi A, ElArabi I, Al-Waili A, Lyoussi B. Effect of propolis and honey in hyperglycemia-induced kidney and liver injuries, proteinuria, and oxidant and antioxidant parameters. World J Exp Med 2025; 15(3): 99330
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-315X/full/v15/i3/99330.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5493/wjem.v15.i3.99330