Effect of propolis and honey in hyperglycemia-induced kidney and liver injuries, proteinuria, and oxidant and antioxidant parameters

Table 10 Effect of interventions on D-glucose induced changes in antioxidant enzymes, proteins, and malondialdehyde concentrations in kidney tissues

Parameters/kidney tissue	Interventions					F/P value
	C	D	D + P	D + H	D + P + H
GSH (μg/g tissue)	21 ± 1.55	9.6 ± 2.41	16.6 ± 0.141,2	16.1 ± 2.56	16.9 ± 1.422	25.5/0.001
GPx (nmol GSH/min/mg prt)	14.4 ± 1.9	8 ± 1.42	12.8 ± 2.22	11.12 ± 1.02	12.8 ± 1.42	11.03/0.001
MDA (nmol/g tissue)	31.7 ± 3.7	47.3 ± 3.31	43.3 ± 4.01	35.3 ± 7.1	37.5 ± 4.2	9.5/0.001
CAT (µmol H2O2/min/mg prt)	19.4 ± 1.3	12.9 ± 0.781	16.6 ± 1.862	15.4 ± 0.71	16.28 ± 2.41,2	10.6/0.001
Protein (mg/g tissue)	5.1 ± 0.54	3.4 ± 0.191	4.1 ± 0.7	4.56 ± 0.292	4.33 ± 0.41	8.34/0.001

¹Compared to Control.

²Compared to D-glucose.