Genotoxic damage assessment using the micronucleus assay in buccal mucosa of different types of smokers: A cross-sectional study

Table 1 Distribution of sociodemographic characteristics of the studied population, n (%)/mean ± SD

Variable	NS	CS	MS	ES	RS	Total
Age1	32.55 ± 9.75	51.3 ± 12.49	30.6 ± 7.25	30.4 ± 9.47	68.05 ± 12.45	32.55 ± 9.75
Sex1
Female	14 (70)	9 (45)	2 (10)	10 (50)	19 (95)	54
Male	6 (30)	11 (55)	18 (90)	10 (50)	1 (5)	46
Education al level1
Illiterate	0 (0)	0 (0)	5 (25)	0 (0)	16 (80)	21
Primary	0 (0)	4 (20)	2 (10)	0 (0)	4 (20)	10
Secondary	3 (15)	9 (45)	10 (50)	0 (0)	0 (0)	22
University	9 (45)	5 (25)	3 (15)	11 (55)	0 (0)	28
Postgraduate	8 (40)	2 (10)	0 (0)	9 (45)	0 (0)	19
Place of origin
Domestic	20 (100)	20 (100)	18 (90)	20 (100)	20 (100)	98
Foreign	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (10)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2
Residence area1
Rural	0 (0)	6 (30)	10 (50)	4 (20)	0 (0)	20
Urban	20 (100)	14 (70)	10 (50)	16 (80)	20 (100)	80
Socioeconomic status1
1	0 (0)	7 (35)	6 (30)	0 (0)	0 (0)	13
2	5 (25)	7 (35)	11 (55)	3 (15)	20 (100)	46
3	9 (45)	4 (20)	1 (5)	6 (30)	0 (0)	16
4	2 (10)	0 (0)	2 (10)	7 (35)	0 (0%)	11
5	4 (20)	2 (10)	0 (0)	4 (20)	0 (0)	10
Comorbidities1
Healthy	19 (95)	17 (85)	15 (75)	9 (45)	17 (85)	77
Controlled systemic disease	0 (0)	2 (10)	3 (15)	9 (45)	2 (10)	16
Uncontrolled systemic disease	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (10)	1 (5)	0 (0)	3
Obesity	1 (5)	1 (5)	0 (0)	1 (5)	1 (5)	4
Reason for habit
Pleasure	-	13 (65)	18 (90)	2 (10)	3 (15)	36
Anxiety	-	0 (0)	0 (0)	6 (30)	2 (10)	8
Social	-	7 (35)	2 (10)	12 (60)	1 (5)	22
Cultural	-	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	14 (70)	14

¹Statistically significant differences between groups (P < 0.05, Krus-kal-Wallis for age and χ² for categorical variables).

NS: Non-smokers; CS: Conventional smokers; MS: Marijuana smokers; ES: Electronic cigarette smokers; RS: Reverse smokers.