Comprehensive urodynamics: Being devoted to clinical urologic practice

Figure 23 Squamous metaplasia or glandular cystitis of the bladder neck may be caused by longstanding idiopathic sphincter overactivity and produces bladder outlet obstruction-like symptoms. A: A 58-year-old woman presented with urinary obstruction and idiopathic sphincter overactivity and transurethral resection of bladder neck was performed with satisfactory results; B: The bladder transitional epithelium had entered the process of metaplasia, and Brunn nest was forming; C: A Brunn’s nest was evident and cavity was in the nest core.