Precision medicine in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Integrating molecular biomarkers, targeted therapies, and prognostic tools

Table 3 Efficacy of major novel therapeutic regimens in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Therapy type	Regimen	Key trial	ORR, %	CR rate, %	PFS/OS	Target population
ADC	Polatuzumab + BR	Pola-BR	NA	40 (vs 18)	PFS 10 months vs 4 months; OS 12 months vs 5 months	Transplant-ineligible R/R DLBCL
Anti-CD19 mAb + IMiD	Tafasitamab + lenalidomide	L-MIND	58	40	5-year OS 81% in CR patients	CAR-T intolerant
Bispecific (IV)	Glofitamab	NP30179	52	39	18-month sustained CR 67%	Heavily pretreated
Bispecific (SC)	Epcoritamab	EPCORE NHL-1	63	39	NA	Heavily pretreated
CAR-T (third-line)	Axi-cel	ZUMA-1	83	58	5-year OS 42.6%	≥ 3 prior lines
CAR-T (second-line)	Liso-cel	TRANSFORM	NA	74 (vs 43)	EFS significantly superior to ASCT	Early relapse in the second-line setting

ADC: Antibody-drug conjugate; mAb: Monoclonal antibody; IMiD: Immunomodulatory drug; BR: Bendamustine + rituximab; IV: Intravenous; SC: Subcutaneous; CAR-T: Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell; Axi-cel: Axicabtagene ciloleucel; Liso-cel: Lisocabtagene maraleucel; ORR: Overall response rate; CR: Complete response; NA: Not available; PFS: Progression-free survival; OS: Overall survival; EFS: Event-free survival; ASCT: Autologous stem cell transplantation; R/R: Relapsed/refractory.