Timing matters: Early vs late recurrence in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its impact on survival

doi:10.5306/wjco.124227

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology

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2218-4333

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Clin Oncol. Aug 24, 2026; 17(8): 124227
Published online Aug 24, 2026. doi: 10.5306/wjco.124227

Table 1 General characteristics of the entire, local, regional and locoregional recurrence group, n (%)

Variables	Total (n = 330)	Local (n = 167)	Regional (n = 86)	Locoregional (n = 77)	P value
Gender					0.615
Male	257 (77.88)	131 (78.44)	69 (80.23)	57 (74.03)
Female	73 (22.12)	36 (21.56)	17 (19.77)	20 (25.97)
Age					0.374
< 60	271 (82.12)	133 (79.64)	71 (82.56)	67 (87.01)
≥ 60	59 (17.88)	34 (20.36)	15 (17.44)	10 (12.99)
Smoking status					0.112
No	202 (61.21)	94 (56.29)	54 (62.79)	54 (70.13)
Yes	128 (38.79)	73 (43.71)	32 (37.21)	23 (29.87)
Drinking status					0.663
No	223 (67.58)	109 (65.27)	60 (69.77)	54 (70.13)
Yes	107 (32.42)	58 (34.73)	26 (30.23)	23 (29.87)
KPS status					0.783
60-70	11 (3.33)	7 (4.19)	2 (2.33)	2 (2.60)
80-90	319 (96.67)	160 (95.81)	84 (97.67)	75 (97.40)
Weight loss status					0.044
< 10%	308 (93.33)	154 (92.22)	85 (98.84)	69 (89.61)
≥ 10%	22 (6.67)	13 (7.78)	1 (1.16)	8 (10.39)
T					< 0.001
1 or 2	150 (45.45)	57 (34.13)	58 (67.44)	35 (45.45)
3 or 4	180 (54.55)	110 (65.87)	28 (32.56)	42 (54.55)
N					< 0.001
0 or 1	150 (45.45)	98 (58.68)	24 (27.91)	28 (36.36)
2 or 3	180 (54.55)	69 (41.32)	62 (72.09)	49 (63.64)
TNM					0.853
I-II	63 (19.09)	33 (19.76)	17 (19.77)	13 (16.88)
III-IV	267 (80.91)	134 (80.24)	69 (80.23)	64 (83.12)
Radiotherapy technique					0.863
Non-IMRT	196 (59.39)	101 (60.48)	49 (56.98)	46 (59.74)
IMRT	134 (40.61)	66 (39.52)	37 (43.02)	31 (40.26)
Time of treatment					0.632
1990-1999	113 (34.24)	57 (34.13)	25 (29.07)	31 (40.26)
2000-2009	126 (38.18)	65 (38.92)	36 (41.86)	25 (32.47)
2010-2020	91 (27.58)	45 (26.95)	25 (29.07)	21 (27.27)
Chemotherapy					0.149
No	206 (62.42)	112 (67.07)	47 (54.65)	47 (61.04)
Yes	124 (37.58)	55 (32.93)	39 (45.35)	30 (38.96)
Early or late recurrence					0.109
Early	156 (47.27)	74 (44.31)	49 (56.98)	33 (42.86)
Late	174 (52.73)	93 (55.69)	37 (43.02)	44 (57.14)
rT					< 0.001
0	86 (26.06)	0 (0.00)	86 (100.00)	0 (0.00)
1 or 2	119 (36.06)	74 (44.31)	0 (0.00)	45 (58.44)
3 or 4	125 (37.88)	93 (55.69)	0 (0.00)	32 (41.56)
rN					< 0.001
0	167 (50.61)	167 (100.00)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)
1 or 2	150 (45.45)	0 (0.00)	77 (89.53)	73 (94.81)
3	13 (3.94)	0 (0.00)	9 (10.47)	4 (5.19)
rTNM					< 0.001
I-II	158 (47.88)	74 (44.31)	57 (66.28)	27 (35.06)
III-IV	172 (52.12)	93 (55.69)	29 (33.72)	50 (64.94)
Post recurrence treatment					< 0.001
Chemotherapy	36 (10.91)	19 (11.38)	7 (8.14)	10 (12.99)
RT	150 (45.45)	90 (53.89)	19 (22.09)	41 (53.25)
Surgery	107 (32.42)	33 (19.76)	56 (65.12)	18 (23.38)
BST	37 (11.21)	25 (14.97)	4 (4.65)	8 (10.39)

IMRT: Intensity-modulated radiation therapy; BST: Best supportive treatment; KPS: Karnofsky Performance Status; rN: Recurrent N stage; rT: Recurrent T stage; rTNM: Recurrent TNM stage; RT: Radiotherapy.

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Citation: Wang JB, Meng Y, He ML, Zhang SJ, Huang XD, Zhang Y, Wu RY, Wang K, Chen XS, Qu Y, Zhang JH, Liu QF, Luo JW, Gao L, Xiao JP, Li YX, Luo LH, Yi JL. Timing matters: Early vs late recurrence in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its impact on survival. World J Clin Oncol 2026; 17(8): 124227
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-4333/full/v17/i8/124227.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5306/wjco.124227

Wang JB, Meng Y, He ML, Zhang SJ, Huang XD, Zhang Y, Wu RY, Wang K, Chen XS, Qu Y, Zhang JH, Liu QF, Luo JW, Gao L, Xiao JP, Li YX, Luo LH, Yi JL. Timing matters: Early vs late recurrence in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its impact on survival. World J Clin Oncol 2026; 17(8): 124227 [DOI: 10.5306/wjco.124227]

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