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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Clin Oncol. Jul 24, 2026; 17(7): 121645
Published online Jul 24, 2026. doi: 10.5306/wjco.121645
Figure 3
Figure 3 Dietary copper-gut microbiota-tumor axis in gastrointestinal cancer. Dietary copper, gut microbiota, and microbial metabolites may influence copper availability, epithelial barrier integrity, inflammatory toxicity, and tumor-related metabolic states in gastrointestinal cancer. Dysbiosis may disrupt intestinal barrier function and alter copper handling, whereas protective metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids may help preserve barrier integrity and limit systemic copper toxicity. SCFA: Short-chain fatty acid.


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