Clinicopathological and prognostic relevance of nestin in low- and high-grade gliomas: An immunohistochemical study

Figure 3 Proposed integration of nestin expression within the 2021 World Health Organization molecular classification framework for gliomas. It illustrates how nestin immunoexpression may complement molecular markers to refine diagnostic accuracy and prognostic assessment. High nestin expression is associated with stem-like, invasive tumor phenotypes and poor outcomes, while low expression correlates with differentiated morphology and improved survival. Incorporating nestin into the World Health Organization 2021 molecular framework may improve patient stratification and guide personalized therapy, particularly in settings with limited molecular testing capabilities. WHO: World Health Organization; IDH: Isocitrate dehydrogenase; IHC: Immunohistochemistry.