Advancing gastric cancer treatment: A comprehensive review of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy’s role and outcomes

Table 6 Prophylactic use of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, randomized controlled trials: Studies outcomes

Year	Ref.	State	Arms	Median OS	1 year OS	3 years OS	Median RFS	RFS 2 years	RFS 3 years	Peritoneal recurrence
2014	Cui et al[36]	China	Arm 1: Surgery alone (n = 48). Arm 2: Neoadjuvant Cht + surgery (n = 48). Arm 3: Surgery + postoperative HIPEC (n = 48). Arm 4: Neoadjuvant Cht + surgery + postoperative HIPEC (n = 48)	Arm 1: 27 months. Arm 2: 33 months. Arm 3: 32 months. Arm 4: 36 months	Arm 1: 79.2%. Arm 2: 87.5%. Arm 3: 85.4%. Arm 4: 93.7%	Arm 1: 35.4%. Arm 2: 62.5%. Arm 3: 58.3%. Arm 4: 75.0%	Arm 1: 26 months. Arm 2: 28 months. Arm 3: 31 months. Arm 4: 33 months	Arm 1: 66.7%. Arm 2: 77.1%. Arm 3: 83.3%. Arm 4: 87.5%	ND	ND
2019	Reutovich et al[37]	Belarus	Arm 1: Gastrectomy + HIPEC (n = 76). Arm 2: Gastrectomy only (n = 78)	ND	ND	ND	Arm 1: 28 months vs arm 2: 13 months	ND	Arm 1: 47% vs arm 2: 27%	12.8% vs 27.6%
2021	Fan et al[38]	China	Arm 1: S. Cht (n = 17). Arm 2: Traditional-HIPEC + adjuvant S. Cht (n = 33)	ND	ND	Arm 1: 100% vs arm 2: 87.9%	ND	ND	Arm 1: 88.2% vs arm 2: 84.8%	ND
2022	Liu et al[39]	China	4 weeks after D2 gastrectomy: Arm 1: Bedside HIPEC + oral S-1 treatment; arm 2: IV cisplatin + oral S-1 treatment	Arm 1: 42 months vs arm 2: 31 months	ND	ND	Arm 1: 29 months vs arm 2: 15 months	Arm 1: 50.4% vs arm 2: 25.5%	ND	0% vs 7%
2023	Yu et al[40]	China	Arm 1: HIPEC + Cht. Arm 2: Systemic chemotherapy alone	51.4 months	ND	Arm 1: 73.9% vs arm 2: 77.6%	ND	ND	Arm 1: 73.8% vs arm 2: 61.2%	20.9% vs 40.3%

Cht: Chemotherapy; HIPEC: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy; ND: Not declared; OS: Overall survival; RFS: Relapse-free survival; S. Cht: Systemic chemotherapy.