Advancing gastric cancer treatment: A comprehensive review of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy’s role and outcomes

Table 5 Prophylactic use of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, randomized controlled trials: Study and population characteristics, treatments and outcomes

Year	Ref.	State	Arms	Patient cohort	HIPEC sample	Oncological admission criteria (TNM stage)	Bedsite HIPEC	HIPEC protocol	Neoadjuvant CHT	Neoadjuvant treatment regimen	Adjuvant Cht	Adjuvant treatment regimen
2014	Cui et al[36]	China	Arm 1: Surgery alone (n = 48). Arm 2: Neoadjuvant Cht + surgery (n = 48). Arm 3: Surgery + postoperative HIPEC (n = 48). Arm 4: Neoadjuvant Cht + surgery + postoperative HIPEC (n = 48)	192	Arm 3 + 4: n = 98	IIIA-IIIC + no Neoadjuvant Cht before enrollement	Yes	Day 1 and 4: 60 mg/m2 cisplatin, 90 minutes. Day 2 and 3: 0.75 g fluorouracil, 90 minutes +1000 cc of perfusate left in place for 23 hours at the end of each cycle	Yes	Paclitaxel, cisplatin, tegafur	Yes, if tumor progression occurred during neodjuvant treatment	Epirubicin, cisplatin, fluorouracil
2019	Reutovich et al[37]	Belarus	Arm 1: Gastrectomy + HIPEC (n = 76). Arm 2: Gastrectomy only (n = 78)	154	76	IIB-IIIC + Borrmann type III-IV	No	Cisplatin 50 mg/m2 + doxorubicin 50 mg/m2, 60 minutes closed abdomen	No	_	No	Not declared
2021	Fan et al[38]	China	Arm 1: S.Cht (n = 17). Arm 2: T-HIPEC + adjuvant S.Cht (n = 33)	50	33	IIIA-B	No	Cisplatin (50 mg/L), 30 minutes	No	_	Yes	S1 + oxaliplatin
2022	Liu et al[39]	China	4 weeks after D2 gastrectomy: Arm 1: Bedside HIPEC + oral S1 treatment; arm 2: IV cisplatin + oral S1 treatment	114	57	III A-B	Yes	Day 1 and 3: Cisplatin (30 mg/m2) + oral S1, (40-60 mg for 14 days)	No	_	Yes	6-8 cycles of IV cisplatin (60 mg/m2) + oral S1 (40-60 mg, 2/day)
2023	Yu et al[40]	China	Arm 1: HIPEC + Cht. Arm 2: Systemic chemotherapy alone	134	67	IIIA and B + no Neoadjuvant Cht before enrollement	Yes	Cisplatin (40 mg/m2), 60 minutes, 2 cycles within 72 hours after surgery	No	_	Yes	6-8 cycles of S1 + oxaliplatin

Cht: Chemotherapy; HIPEC: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy; T-HIPEC: Traditional hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy; S. Cht: Systemic chemotherapy.