Closure techniques for esophageal reconstruction after total laryngectomy and their impact on fistula formation

Figure 3 Intraoperative images demonstrating the application of a surgical stapler following total laryngectomy. Intraoperative images illustrating the application of a surgical stapler. A and B: The stapler is positioned on the esophageal mucosa (A), which is then (B) clamped to ensure precise closure; C: The final result shows two parallel rows of staples securing the sutured pharyngeal mucosa, indicating a well-aligned closure.