Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy: Revolutionizing cancer treatment

Figure 3 Mechanistic insights into the chimeric antigen receptor T cell-mediated apoptosis via granzyme pathways. A: Comparison between classical and non-classical immune synapse structures formed by endogenous T-cell receptor and chimeric antigen receptor, respectively, following receptor-antigen engagement; B: Overview of the Perforin-granzyme degranulation pathway, illustrating both granzyme A and B mediated apoptotic mechanisms in a flowcharted manner. TCR: T cell receptor; SMAC: Supramolecular activation cluster; CAR: Chimeric antigen receptor; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; BID: BH3 interacting domain death agonist.