Current concepts in ameloblastoma-targeted therapies in B-raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase V600E mutation: Systematic review

Table 1 Presence of B-raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase and B-raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase V600E and the relation with additional mutations

BRAF type	Ameloblastoma			Histological pattern	Mutations	Additional mutation	Anatomic location
	Type	Cases with expression	Total cases	Histological pattern (cases)	Gene (cases/total)	Gene (cases)	Site (cases)
BRAF WT	Ameloblastoma	39	521	Follicular (15)	NRAS Q161R (2/15)		Mandible (9)
							Maxilla (1)
					G606E (1/15)		NS (5)
					L584P, V590G (1/15)
				Plexiform (14)	HRASQ161R (2/14)		Mandible (10)
					FGFR2 p.C382R (2/14)		Maxilla (1)
							NS (3)
				Mixed (4)			Mandible (4)
				NS (6)	FGFR2 (4/12)	PTEN, TP53 (1)	NS (6)
					KRAS (1/12)
	Unicystic ameloblastoma	10	81	Luminal/intraluminal (6)			Mandible (4)
							Maxilla (2)
				NS (4)			Mandible (1)
							NS (3)
	Ameloblastic carcinoma	7	13	Without cell variant (5)			Mandible (3)
							Maxilla (2)
				NS (2)			NS (2)
	Metastasizing ameloblastoma	0	2
BRAF V600E	Ameloblastoma	297	521	Follicular (121)			Mandible (91)
					JAK3 P132T (3/121)
					SMARCB1 (1/121
					PIK3CA (1/121)
					CTNNB1 (1/121)
					SMO (1/121)
					SMO (1/121)	FGFR2 (1)	Maxilla (4)
							Left frontal bone (1)
					G606E (2/121)		NS (25)
				Plexiform (65)	JAK3 P132T (1/65)		Mandible (38)
					SMARCB1 (1/65)
					PIK3CA (1/65)
					PIK3CA (1/65)		Maxilla (2)
					BRAF 597R (1/65)	SMO (1)
							NS (25)
				No follicular (20)			Mandíbula (20)
				No plexiform (15)			NS (15)
				Granular-cell (4)			Mandible (4)
				Mixted (10)			Mandible (4)
							NS (6)
				Without cell variant (1)			Mandible (1)
				Desmoplastic (2)			Mandible (1)
							Maxilla (1)
				NS (59)	FGF21 (23)		Mandible (4)
					FGFR11 (24)		Maxilla (1)
							NS (45)
							Cavernus sinus (1)
							Coronoid process (1)
	Unicistyc ameloblastoma	63	81	Luminal/Intraluminal (21)			Mandible (19)
							Maxilla (2)
				Mural (20)			Mandible (20)
				NS (22)			Mandible (12)
							Maxilla (1)
							NS (9)
	Peripheral ameloblastoma	5	6	NS (5)			NS (5)
	Ameloblastic carcinoma	3	13	Without cell variant (3)			Mandible (3)
	Metastasizing	1	2	Follicular (1)			Mandible (1)
	NS			Acanthomatous (7)			Mandible (7)
				Granular cells (2)			Mandible (2)
				NS (2)	PIK3CA, CDKN2A (1)		Mandible (1)
					PIK3CA, PTEN (1)		Mandible (1)
				NS (2)	CDKN2A (1)		Mandible (1)
					CTNNB1 (1)		Mandible (1)
No mutations	Metastasizing Ameloblastoma	1	2	Plexiform (1)			Infratemporal fosa (1)
	Ameloblastic Carcinoma	3	13	NS (3)			NS (3)
	Unicistyc Ameloblastoma	1	81				NS (1)

¹Expressed without mutation. NS: No specified; BRAF: B-raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase; BRAF WT: B-raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase Wild-type.