Regulation of RNA binding proteins in trypanosomatid protozoan parasites

doi:10.4331/wjbc.v7.i1.146

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World J Biol Chem. Feb 26, 2016; 7(1): 146-157
Published online Feb 26, 2016. doi: 10.4331/wjbc.v7.i1.146

Table 1 Developmentally expressed RNA-binding proteins in trypanosomes confirmed by experimental data

RBP	Stage	Ref.
T. brucei
P34	Procyclics	[23]
P37	Bloodstream	[23]
ZFP1	Procyclics	[26]
ZC3H20	Procyclics	[78]
Alba 3	Tsetse fly except transition stages in proventriculus	[79]
Alba 4	Tsetse fly except transition stages in proventriculus	[79]
RBP6	Metacyclics, epimastigotes	[29]
RBP10	Bloodstream	[28]
hnRNPF/H	Mainly bloodstream	[80]
T. cruzi
UBP2	Mostly epimastigotes, low in amastigotes	[25]
RBP3	Epimastigotes	[81]
RBP4	Epimastigotes	[81]
RBP19	Amastigotes	[82]
ZFP2	Downregulated in metacyclic trypomastigotes	[83]

RBP: RNA-binding protein.

Table 2 List of components identified in starvation mRNA granules in trypanosomes

Component	Organism
poly(A)	T. brucei, T. cruzi
UBP1	T. brucei, T. cruzi
UBP2	T. cruzi
RBP3	T. cruzi
RBP4	T. cruzi
RBP5	T. cruzi
RBP6b	T. cruzi
PABP1	T. brucei, T. cruzi
PABP2	T. brucei, T. cruzi
DRBD3	T. brucei
DRBD4	T. brucei
ALBA1	T. brucei
ALBA2	T. brucei
ALBA3	T. brucei
ALBA4	T. brucei
ZFP3	T. brucei
DHH1	T. brucei, T. cruzi
XRNA	T. brucei, T. cruzi
SCD6	T. brucei
PBP1	T. brucei
MKT1	T. brucei
CAF1	T. brucei
NOT1	T. brucei
NOT5	T. brucei
UPF1	T. brucei
DBP1	T. brucei
AGO1	T. brucei
eIF4G1	T. brucei
eIF4G4	T. brucei
Serine-threonine kinase receptor-associated protein	T. brucei
mRNA cap guanine-N7 methyltransferase	T. brucei
Phosphatase	T. brucei
Methyltransferase	T. brucei

Table 3 RNA-binding proteins and mRNA metabolism-related proteins with identified posttranslational modifications in trypanosomes

RBP	T. brucei	T. cruzi	Posttranslational modification
PUF domain
PUF1	Tb927.10.4430	TcCLB.397937.10/TcCLB.508625.160	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[71]
PUF2	Tb927.10.12660	TcCLB.507831.110	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[66,68] Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[69]
PUF3	Tb927.10.310	TcCLB.508787.30/TcCLB.468005.9	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[66,68]
PUF4	Tb927.6.820	TcCLB.509399.190/TcCLB.510073.30	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[66,68]
PUF6	Tb927.10.15870	TcCLB.510125.10	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[66,68] Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[71] Sumoylated in T. cruzi[73]
PUF7	Tb927.11.14960	TcCLB.508445.99/TcCLB.511715.100	Sumoylated in T. cruzi[73]
PUF9	Tb927.1.2600	TcCLB.506563.10/TcCLB.503869.40	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
PUF10	Tb927.11.6740	TcCLB.506773.130/TcCLB.508799.70	Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
PUF11	Tb927.11.10810	TcCLB.503757.30/TcCLB.503719.39	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
PUF11	Tb927.11.10810	TcCLB.503757.30/TcCLB.503719.39	Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
RRM domain
PABP1	Tb927.9.9290	TcCLB.506885.70	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
PABP1	Tb927.9.9290	TcCLB.506885.70	Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[70,71] Sumoylated in T. cruzi[73]
PABP2	Tb927.9.10770	TcCLB.508461.140	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
UBP1	Tb927.11.500	TcCLB.507093.220	Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[84]
RBP3	Tb927.11.530	TcCLB.507093.250	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
RBP8	Tb927.7.320	TcCLB.504165.20/TcCLB.508981.20	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
RBP9	Tb927.11.12120	TcCLB.511127.10/TcCLB.511481.70	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
RBP10	Tb927.8.2780	TcCLB.508989.30/TcCLB.509569.120	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[66,68]
RBP12	Tb927.10.12740	TcCLB.511277.200	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[71]
U1 snRNP (RBP24)	Tb927.8.4830	TcCLB.508837.140/TcCLB.511383.30	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
RBP28	Tb927.3.1030	TcCLB.511871.110/TcCLB.511863.20	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
RBP29	Tb927.10.13720	TcCLB.511277.580	Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[69,71]
RBP30	Tb927.5.1750	TcCLB.505229.20/TcCLB.510823.20	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
RBP33	Tb927.8.990	TcCLB.503733.50/TcCLB.508569.90	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
RBP35	Tb927.9.12360	TcCLB.510741.40	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[70]
RBP38	Tb927.11.5850	TcCLB.508641.180/TcCLB.508515.30	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
RBP42	Tb927.6.4440	TcCLB.509167.140	Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[71]
RBSR1	Tb927.9.6870	TcCLB.506625.70	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[69]
RBSR4	Tb927.10.3500	TcCLB.510265.40/TcCLB.510311.50	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
DRBD2	Tb927.9.13990	TcCLB.510755.120/TcCLB.508413.50	Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[69]
DRBD5	Tb927.6.3480	TcCLB.469785.40/TcCLB.507025.50	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
DRBD7	Tb927.4.400	TcCLB.507873.30/TcCLB.510689.60	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
DRBD10	Tb927.11.16020	TcCLB.507037.20/TcCLB.508707.80	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
DRBD11	Tb927.3.3940	TcCLB.503683.30/TcCLB.509999.120	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
DRBD13	Tb927.8.6650	TcCLB.506399.40/TcCLB.509243.20	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
DRBD17	Tb927.8.710	TcCLB.507649.100/TcCLB.508567.100	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
DRBD18	Tb927.11.14090	TcCLB.511727.190	Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
HNRNPH	Tb927.2.3880	TcCLB.511109.130/TcCLB.504157.10	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[70,71] Sumoylated in T. cruzi[73]
TRRM1	Tb927.2.4710	TcCLB.509317.60/TcCLB.511621.50	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[66,68] Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[69] Sumoylated in T. cruzi[73]
TRRM3	Tb927.3.3670	TcCLB.506989.100/TcCLB.510149.140	Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
PPCTI	Tb927.5.3750	TcCLB.503619.20/TcCLB.511647.40	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
MRD1	Tb927.8.4170	TcCLB.509561.110/TcCLB.503897.90	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
TSR1	Tb927.8.900	TcCLB.509607.30/TcCLB.503715.10	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
NRBD1/2 (P34/P37)	Tb927.11.14000/Tb927.11.14020	TcCLB.511727.270/TcCLB.511727.290	Arginine methylated in T. brucei[75]
Conserved	Tb927.10.7030	TcCLB.506779.100/TcCLB.511153.100	Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
Conserved	Tb927.11.7310	TcCLB.506779.100/TcCLB.511153.100	Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
Conserved	Tb927.11.14090	TcCLB.511727.190	Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
Conserved	Tb927.11.6240	TcCLB.506297.230/TcCLB.510101.80	Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
Zinc finger domains
ZFP1	Tb927.6.3490	TcCLB.511511.6	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[66,68]
ZFP3	Tb927.3.720	TcCLB.509719.69/TcCLB.509231.39	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H5	Tb927.3.740	TcCLB.511867.10/TcCLB.507775.10	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H7	Tb927.3.1340	TcCLB.509233.210	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H8	Tb927.3.5250	TcCLB.510143.120/TcCLB.508409.310	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H8	Tb927.3.5250	TcCLB.510143.120/TcCLB.508409.310	Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
ZC3H11	Tb927.5.810	TcCLB.507305.40	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68,85]
ZC3H12	Tb927.5.1570	TcCLB.510819.119/TcCLB.506739.99	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[86]
ZC3H13	Tb927.5.1580	No homologue	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[66,68]
ZC3H17	Tb927.7.930	TcCLB.508879.10/TcCLB.508215.10	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H18	Tb927.7.2140	TcCLB.511807.160	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H20	Tb927.7.2660	TcCLB.503567.9/TcCLB.506859.204	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H21	Tb927.7.2670	TcCLB.506859.230/TcCLB.511817.10	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H22	Tb927.7.2680	TcCLB.506859.240/TcCLB.511817.20	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H23	Tb927.7.4980	TcCLB.509149.20/TcCLB.508175.350	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H28	Tb927.9.9450	TcCLB.506885.200/TcCLB.510729.220	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[70]
ZC3H29	Tb927.9.9520	TcCLB.510729.210/TcCLB.506885.204	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H30	Tb927.10.1540	TcCLB.506977.110	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H31	Tb927.10.5150	TcCLB.506009.10/TcCLB.510295.59	Sumoylated in T. cruzi[73]
ZC3H32	Tb927.10.5250	TcCLB.503795.10 /TcCLB.506679.10	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H34	Tb927.10.12330	TcCLB.507787.140/TcCLB.507625.70	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
ZC3H35	Tb927.10.12740	TcCLB.511263.30/TcCLB.507831.40	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H37/38	Tb927.10.12780	TcCLB.507831.20/TcCLB.511267.20/ TcCLB.511263.50	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H39	Tb927.10.14930	TcCLB.508895.50	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H40	Tb927.10.14950	TcCLB.508895.60/TcCLB.506211.60	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[66,68] Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[69,71]
ZC3H41	Tb927.11.1980	TcCLB.508355.330/TcCLB.508357.9	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H43	Tb927.11.7450	TcCLB.511151.20/TcCLB.508241.90	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H44	Tb927.11.7890	TcCLB.506933.50	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H46	Tb927.11.16550	TcCLB.507089.30/TcCLB.504085.70	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
ZC3H47	Tb927.6.4960	TcCLB.506945.210	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[69]
Conserved	Tb927.11.3970	TcCLB.509229.90/TcCLB.506733.140	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
Conserved	Tb927.9.14120	TcCLB.510759.100/TcCLB.506999.120	Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
Other
NOP44/46	Tb927.8.760	TcCLB.510859.17/TcCLB.510859.10	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
SMD2	Tb927.2.5850	TcCLB.508667.49/TcCLB.511189.80	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
DCL2	Tb927.3.1230	No homologue	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
CAF1	Tb927.6.600	TcCLB.511827.60/TcCLB.510535.60	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
Not1	Tb927.10.1510	TcCLB.509247.30	Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[70]
XRNA	Tb927.7.4900	TcCLB.507817.80	Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[69]
ALBA3	Tb927.4.2040	TcCLB.510877.40	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
ALBA4	Tb927.4.2030	TcCLB.510877.30	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Arginine-methylated in T. brucei[75]
eIF4E	Tb927.11.11770	TcCLB.508827.30	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68] Phosphorylated in T. cruzi[70]
	Tb927.6.1870	TcCLB.509037.40/TcCLB.421959.10	Phosphorylated inT. brucei[68]
eIF4G2	Tb927.9.5460	TcCLB.508277.340/TcCLB.506445.20	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
	Tb927.11.10560	TcCLB.510285.100/TcCLB.504827.130	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]
eIF4G5	Tb927.8.4500	TcCLB.508989.90	Phosphorylated in T. brucei[68]

RBP: RNA-binding protein; RRM: RNA-recognition motif.

Citation: Romaniuk MA, Cervini G, Cassola A. Regulation of RNA binding proteins in trypanosomatid protozoan parasites. World J Biol Chem 2016; 7(1): 146-157
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8454/full/v7/i1/146.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4331/wjbc.v7.i1.146