Biochemical changes in the injured brain

Table 3 Cerebral microdialysis implications in clinical scenarios

Clinical condition	CMD implications
Traumatic brain injury	Helpful in optimising therapy in neuro-ICUs as a component of multi-modality monitoring
	Helpful in indivisualising management on the basis of cerebral perfusion pressure targets and assessment of response to medical and surgical interventions[126,127]
	Predictor of severity, neurological outcome and long-term anatomical aberrations in the injured brain[128-130]
	Detection and management of glycemic perturbations of the injured brain[131,132]
	Predicting long-term anatomical alteration[133]
Subarachnoid haemorrhage	Detection of ischemic changes during aneurysm clipping[134]
	Specific for the detection of delayed ischaemic neurological deficit[135-138]
	Prognostication of SAH patients[139,140]
Acute ischaemic stroke	Detecting development of oedema of the infarcted tissue[141]
	Monitoring effects of decompression hemicraniectomy and hypothermia in stroke patients[142,143]
Brain tumours	Neurobiochemistry of brain tumours[144,145]
	Biochemical changes during treatment
	Drug pharmacokinetics study[146]
	Monitoring of drug effect
	Development of tumor drug delivery systems[147,148]
Epilepsy	Study of biochemical milieu of epileptic focus[149]
Other applications	Study of the perihaemorrhagic zone in intracranial hemorrhage[150,151]
	Study of biochemical changes and novel therapeutic options in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease

CMD: Cerebral microdialysis; SAH: Subarachnoid hemorrhage; ICU: Intensive care unit.