Risk factors for pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy: A retrospective study in a Thai tertiary center

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for clinically relevant-postoperative pancreatic fistula

Variable	Univariate OR (95%CI)	Univariate P-value	Multivariate OR (95%CI)	Multivariate P-value
Age (yr)
< 70
≥ 70	0.657 (0.19-2.27)	0.507
BMI (kg/cm2)
< 25
≥ 25	1.125 (0.43-2.96)	0.812
Albumin
≥ 30
< 30	0.694 (0.17-2.84)	0.611
Total bilirubin
< 3
≥ 3	3.749 (1.48-9.51)	0.005	4.506 (1.54-13.15)	0.006
Pancreatic duct diameter (mm)
≥ 5
< 5	0.451 (0.17-1.20)	0.11
Operative time (min)
< 420
≥ 420	0.609 (0.22-1.66)	0.334
Blood loss
< 1000
≥ 1000	1.347 (0.55-3.31)	0.516
Gender
Male
Female	2.125 (0.86-5.22)	0.1
DM
No
Yes	0.865 (0.29-2.56)	0.794
Hx of cardiovascular disease
No
Yes	0.954 (0.35-2.58)	0.927
Preop biliary stent (no)
No
Yes	2.631 (0.87-7.92)	0.085	2.24 (0.67-7.49)	0.191
Pancreatic texture
Hard/firm
Soft
Type of resection
PPPD
PD	2.319 (0.86-6.27)		1.787 (0.54-5.92)	0.342
Duct to mucosa
Invagination	2.931 (1.12-7.67)	0.028	2.837 (0.89-9.08)	0.079
Stent (no)
No
Yes	0.447 (0.17-1.17)	0.101
External
Internal	0.471 (0.09-2.38)	0.362
Malignant (no)
No
Yes	1.695 (0.50-5.80)	0.4
Final diagnosis (CA ampulla)
CA pancreas	0.821 (0.21-3.24)	0.779
CA duodenal	-	-	-	-
CA distal CBD	1.971 (0.51-7.68)	0.328
Other	0.519 (0.17-1.61)	0.256

POPF: Postoperative pancreatic fistul; PBD: Preoperative biliary drainage; PPPD: Pylorus-preserved pancreaticoduodenectomy; PD: Pancreaticoduodenectomy; BMI: Body mass index.