Short-term and middle-term evaluation of laparoscopic hepatectomies compared with open hepatectomies: A propensity score matching analysis

Table 2 Operative and postoperative data before and after propensity score matching n (%)

	OLR (n = 169)	LLR (n = 72)	P value	OLR (n = 72)	LLR (n = 72)	P value
Resection type
Bisegmentectomy	46 (27.2)	10 (13.9)	0.025	30 (41.7)	10 (13.9)	< 0.001
Segmentectomy	12 (7.1)	29 (40.3)	< 0.001	8 (11.1)	29 (40.3)	< 0.001
Wedge resection	49 (29.0)	24 (33.3)	0.502	20 (27.8)	24 (33.3)	0.469
Left hepatectomy	23 (13.6)	5 (6.9)	0.188	8 (11.1)	5 (6.9)	0.383
Right hepatectomy	26 (15.4)	3 (4.2)	0.014	6 (8.3)	3 (4.2)	0.494
Enlarged right hepatectomy	15 (8.9)	1 (1.4)	0.044	2 (2.8)	1 (1.4)	1
Combined resection and radiofrequency	54 (32.0)	9 (12.5)	0.002	13 (18.1)	9 (12.5)	0.354
Number of resected segments, median (IQR)	2.0 (0.0-4.0)	1.0 (0.0-1.3)	< 0.001	2.0 (0.0-2.0)	1.0 (0.0-1.3)	0.004
Operation length (min), median (IQR)	250 (190-330)	185 (150-254)	< 0.001	247.5 (187.5-332.5)	185.0 (150.0-253.8)	0.002
Pedicular clamping	110 (65.1)	40 (55.6)	0.162	43 (59.7)	40 (55.6)	0.613
Intermittent	96 (56.8)	34 (47.2)	0.354	36 (50.0)	34 (47.2)	0.739
Permanent	14 (8.3)	6 (8.3)		7 (9.7)	6 (8.3)	0.771
No clamping	59 (34.9)	32 (44.4)		29 (40.3)	32 (44.4)	0.613
Clamping duration (min), median (IQR)	22.0 (0.0-38.0)	15.0 (0.0-35.0)	0.174	25.0 (0.0-36.5)	15.0 (0.0-35.0)	0.411
Blood loss (mL), median (IQR)	300 (30-500)	100 (30-356)	0.003	300.0 (30.0-562.5)	100.0 (30.0-356.3)	0.002
Transfusion (n), median (IQR)	41 (24.3)	12 (16.7)	0.193	16 (22.2)	12 (16.7)	0.400
Length of hospital stay (d), median (IQR)	10.0 (7.0-14.0)	7.0 (5.8-10.0)	< 0.001	9.0 (7.0-12.0)	7.0 (5.8-10.0)	0.004
R0 resection margin	139 (82.3)	63 (87.5)	0.311	62 (86.1)	63 (87.5)	0.806
Conversion rate	NA	7 (9.7)	0.065	NA	7 (9.7)	0.326
Postoperative complications ≥ 1
Respiratory	30 (17.8)	6 (8.3)	0.060	18 (25.0)	6 (8.3)	0.007
Atelectasis	21 (12.4)	4 (5.6)	0.109	11 (15.3)	4 (5.6)	0.056
Pneumopathy	10 (5.9)	2 (2.8)	0.518	7 (9.7)	2 (2.8)	0.166
Renal	7 (4.1	0 (0.0)	0.107	5 (6.9)	0 (0.0)	0.058
Acute renal failure	6 (3.6)	0 (0.0)	0.183	5 (6.9)	0 (0.0)	0.058
Cystitis/pyelonephritis	1 (0.6)	0 (0.0)	1	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1
Cardiovascular	7 (4.1)	4 (5.6)	0.737	2 (2.8)	4 (5.6)	0.681
Wall infection	8 (4.7)	2 (2.8)	0.728	6 (8.3)	2 (2.8)	0.275
Deep collection	19 (11.2)	6 (8.3)	0.498	8 (11.1)	6 (8.3)	0.574
Hemorrhage	3 (1.8)	0 (0.0)	0.556	2 (2.8)	0 (0.0)	0.497
Liver failure	7 (4.1)	1 (1.4)	0.442	4 (5.6)	1 (1.4)	0.366
Ascites	5 (3.0)	2 (2.8)	1	5 (6.9)	2 (2.8)	0.441
Biliary fistula	10 (5.9)	2 (2.8)	0.518	1 (1.4)	2 (2.8)	1
Medical complications	47 (27.8)	3 (4.3)	< 0.001	19 (26.4)	3 (4.3)	< 0.001
Surgical complications	7 (4.1)	2 (2.8)	0.729	4 (5.6)	2 (2.8)	0.681
I-II	47 (27.8)	21 (29.2)	0.690	21 (29.2)	21 (29.2)	0.447
III-IV	33 (19.5)	12 (16.7)		13 (18.1)	12 (16.7)
V	4 (2.4)	0 (0.0)		3 (4.2)	0 (0.0)
Postoperative mortality 30 d	2 (1.2)	0 (0.0)	1	2 (1.2)	0 (0.0)	0.080
Postoperative mortality 60 d	3 (1.8)	0 (0.0)	0.556	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1
Postoperative mortality 90 d	5 (3.0)	0 (0.0)	0.326	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1

OLR: Open liver resection; LLR: Laparoscopic liver resection.