Peptide-based enteral formula improves tolerance and clinical outcomes in abdominal surgery patients relative to a whole protein enteral formula

Table 3 Clinical outcomes for the whole-protein formula group and the dipeptide- and tripeptide-based formula group

	WPF group	PEF group	P-value
Length of stay in the ICU1 (d)	6.8 ± 1.5	6.2 ± 0.8	0.047
Maximum caloric intake during ICU stay (kcal/kg)	22.5 ± 1.9	23.2 ± 2.4	0.063
Caloric intake (kcal/kg body weight/d)
POD2-5	20.7 ± 2.3	21.5 ± 1.7	0.116
POD-10	23.5 ± 2.4	25.1 ± 2.9	0.010
Maximum GRV3 during ICU stay (mL)	183.6 ± 88.0	138.0 ± 63.9	0.016
Prevalence of suspended feeding due to high GRV (%)	21.8	15.2	0.071
Prevalence of diarrhea (%)	19.9	13.2	0.056
Prevalence of pneumonia (%)	5	3.1	0.692

¹Intensive care unit;

²Postoperative day;

³Gastric residual volume. Values are presented as mean ± SD. WPF: Whole-protein formula.