Arguments for an individualized closure of the pancreatic remnant after distal pancreatic resection

Table 4 Distal pancreatic resection - changing indications, demographics and operative techniques n (%)

Parameter	1994-2001 (n = 43)	2002-2009 (n = 83)	P value
Patients
Age (yr, median)	51	64	0.001
BMI (kg/m2, median)	25	24	0.713
Histology
PDAC	8 (19)	28 (34)	0.097
CP	22 (51)	18 (22)	0.001
CNP	3 (7)	18 (22)	0.044
NET	5 (12)	11 (13)	1.000
Other	5 (12)	8 (10)	0.762
High-risk pancreas	13 (30)	37 (45)	0.129
Operations
Multivisceral resections	9 (21)	17 (21)	1.000
Hand suture closure	13 (30)	34 (41)	0.252
Pancreatojejunostomy	30 (70)	22 (27)	< 0.001
Stapler closure	0 (0)	18 (22)	< 0.001
Seromuscular patch	0 (0)	9 (11)	0.027
Perioperative parameters
POPF B/C	6 (14)	24 (29)	0.078
OHS (d)	13	15	0.036

POPF: Postoperative pancreatic fistula of Grade B or C (International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery definition); BMI: Body mass index; PDAC: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; CNP: Cystic neoplasia of the pancreas; NET: Neuroendocrine tumor; OTH: Other pancreatic pathology, high-risk pancreas defined as not PDAC or CP; OHS: Overall hospital stay, P value given for two-sided Fisher’s exact test.