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Prospective Study
Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2026; 18(9): 122076
Published online Sep 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.122076
Table 4 Comparison of surgical-related indicators among patients in groups A, B, C, and D, n (%)/mean ± SD
Surgical-related indicators
Group A (n = 55)
Group B (n = 54)
Group C (n = 53)
Group D (n = 55)
F value
P value
Operating time (minute)40.80 ± 8.0542.61 ± 6.9840.45 ± 6.9840.33 ± 6.431.1960.312
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)15.27 ± 5.1115.8 ± 4.9214.9 ± 5.3416.1 ± 5.680.4780.698
Conversion to open surgery0 (0)0 (0)1 (1.9)0 (0)-0.2551


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