Nursing outcome comparison of laparoscopy-assisted, pneumomediastinoscopy-assisted esophagectomy vs conventional thoracoscopic-assisted, three-incision esophagectomy in early esophageal cancer

doi:10.4240/wjgs.121221

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2026; 18(9): 121221
Published online Sep 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.121221

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and preoperative risk profile, n (%)/mean ± SD

Variable	Control group	Observation group	Test	P value
Age (years)	61.17 ± 9.40	62.68 ± 8.14	Welch t	0.368
BMI (kg/m²)	22.77 ± 2.77	23.35 ± 2.76	Welch t	0.273
FEV1 (L)	2 ± 0.44	1.93 ± 0.40	Welch t	0.432
FEV1/FVC (%)	67.03 ± 7.68	68.92 ± 9.18	Welch t	0.250
Albumin (g/L)	38.44 ± 3.41	39.11 ± 3.37	Welch t	0.305
Hemoglobin (g/L)	120.82 ± 13.39	124.58 ± 12.40	Welch t	0.129
Gender			χ² test	0.533
Female	15 (25)	10 (20)
Male	45 (75)	40 (80)
Smoking history			χ² test	0.330
No	28 (46.70)	28 (56)
Yes	32 (53.30)	22 (44)
COPD or other chronic lung disease			χ² test	0.036
No	49 (81.70)	32 (64)
Yes	11 (18.30)	18 (36)
Hypertension			χ² test	0.385
No	36 (60)	34 (68)
Yes	24 (40)	16 (32)
Diabetes			χ² test	0.541
No	49 (81.70)	43 (86)
Yes	11 (18.30)	7 (14)
ASA class			χ² test	0.997
1	11 (18.30)	9 (18)
2	38 (63.30)	32 (64)
3	11 (18.30)	9 (18)
4	0 (0)	0 (0)
Tumor location			χ² test	0.663
Upper	15 (25)	9 (18)
Middle	24 (40)	21 (42)
Lower	21 (35)	20 (40)
cT stage			χ² test	0.637
1	29 (48.30)	20 (40)
2	23 (38.30)	21 (42)
3	8 (13.30)	9 (18)
4	0 (0)	0 (0)
cN stage			χ² test	0.905
0	45 (75)	37 (74)
1	15 (25)	13 (26)
2	0 (0)	0 (0)
3	0 (0)	0 (0)
Neoadjuvant therapy			χ² test	0.610
No	40 (66.70)	31 (62)
Yes	20 (33.30)	19 (38)

BMI: Body mass index; FEV: Forced expiratory volume; FVC: Forced vital capacity; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; cT: Clinical T stage; cN: Clinical N stage.

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Citation: Chen YP, Zhang Y, Pan YH. Nursing outcome comparison of laparoscopy-assisted, pneumomediastinoscopy-assisted esophagectomy vs conventional thoracoscopic-assisted, three-incision esophagectomy in early esophageal cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(9): 121221
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i9/121221.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.121221

Chen YP, Zhang Y, Pan YH. Nursing outcome comparison of laparoscopy-assisted, pneumomediastinoscopy-assisted esophagectomy vs conventional thoracoscopic-assisted, three-incision esophagectomy in early esophageal cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(9): 121221 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.121221]

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