Risk factors and nomogram for predicting delayed gastrointestinal recovery after radical gastrectomy

doi:10.4240/wjgs.120780

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2026; 18(9): 120780
Published online Sep 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.120780

Table 1 Comparison of general information and preoperative laboratory indicators between two groups, n (%)/mean ± SD

Item	Normal gastrointestinal recovery group (n = 218)	Delayed gastrointestinal recovery group (n = 75)	Statistic	P value
Gender			χ² = 4.366	0.037
Male	151 (69.3)	42 (56.0)
Female	67 (30.7)	33 (44.0)
Age (years)	64.7 ± 11.3	68.6 ± 10.2	t = 2.771	0.006
BMI classification			χ² = 6.847	0.032
Underweight	28 (12.8)	18 (24.0)
Normal	105 (48.2)	32 (42.7)
Overweight	52 (23.9)	16 (21.3)
Obese	33 (15.1)	9 (12.0)
Smoking history	89 (40.8)	36 (48.0)	χ² = 1.200	0.273
Alcohol consumption history	67 (30.7)	28 (37.3)	χ² = 1.102	0.293
Comorbidities
Hypertension	78 (35.8)	32 (42.7)	χ² = 1.132	0.287
Diabetes	38 (17.4)	22 (29.3)	χ² = 4.124	0.042
Coronary heart disease	23 (10.6)	11 (14.7)	χ² = 0.952	0.329
COPD	15 (6.9)	8 (10.7)	χ² = 1.115	0.291
Cirrhosis	12 (5.5)	6 (8.0)	χ² = 0.630	0.427
Previous abdominal surgery	34 (15.6)	16 (21.3)	χ² = 1.350	0.245
ASA classification			χ² = 7.528	0.006
Grade I-II	171 (78.4)	47 (62.7)
Grade III	47 (21.6)	28 (37.3)
Preoperative anemia	56 (25.7)	30 (40.0)	χ² = 5.685	0.017
Preoperative hypoalbuminemia	42 (19.3)	27 (36.0)	χ² = 8.715	0.003
Abnormal serum sodium	18 (8.3)	9 (12.0)	χ² = 0.945	0.331
Abnormal serum potassium	22 (10.1)	11 (14.7)	χ² = 1.188	0.276
Abnormal fasting blood glucose	35 (16.1)	17 (22.7)	χ² = 1.727	0.189
Elevated CEA	73 (33.5)	29 (38.7)	χ² = 0.668	0.414
Elevated CA19-9	65 (29.8)	27 (36.0)	χ² = 1.021	0.312

COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9.

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Citation: Wang CY, He HY, Li SS, Zhu QQ. Risk factors and nomogram for predicting delayed gastrointestinal recovery after radical gastrectomy. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(9): 120780
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i9/120780.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.120780

Wang CY, He HY, Li SS, Zhu QQ. Risk factors and nomogram for predicting delayed gastrointestinal recovery after radical gastrectomy. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(9): 120780 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.120780]

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