Complementary diagnostic value of conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for post-hepatectomy hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance

Table 2 Overall diagnostic performance of different imaging modalities

Parameter	US alone	CE-MRI alone	Combined
Sensitivity, %	61.8 (49.2-73.3)	92.6 (83.7-97.6)	97.1 (89.8-99.6)
Specificity, %	93.2 (87.1-97.0)	95.8 (90.4-98.6)	96.6 (91.6-99.1)
PPV, %	84.0 (70.9-92.8)	92.6 (83.7-97.6)	94.3 (86.0-98.4)
NPV, %	81.5 (73.4-87.9)	95.8 (90.4-98.6)	98.3 (93.8-99.8)
Accuracy, %	82.3 (76.0-87.5)	94.6 (90.3-97.4)	96.8 (93.1-98.8)
AUC	0.775 (0.708-0.834)	0.942 (0.897-0.971)	0.969 (0.932-0.989)
Detection rate, %	61.8 (42/68)	92.6 (63/68)	97.1 (66/68)
Positive LR	9.09 (5.12-16.13)	22.05 (11.36-42.78)	28.56 (13.12-62.19)
Negative LR	0.41 (0.30-0.56)	0.08 (0.03-0.18)	0.03 (0.01-0.12)
Youden index	0.550 (0.417-0.683)	0.884 (0.793-0.952)	0.937 (0.872-0.978)
F1 score	0.716 (0.612-0.808)	0.926 (0.867-0.964)	0.957 (0.911-0.983)

Data are presented as point estimate (95% confidence interval), with the exception of the detection rate.

AUC: Area under the curve; CE-MRI: Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging; LR: Likelihood ratio; NPV: Negative predictive value; PPV: Positive predictive value; US: Ultrasound.