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Retrospective Cohort Study
Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2026; 18(9): 120394
Published online Sep 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.120394
Table 3 Complication distribution by Clavien-Dindo grade, n (%)
CD grade
Control (n = 38)
Observation (n = 40)
Total
No complication17 (44.7)29 (72.5)46
Grade II14 (36.8)4 (10.0)18
Grade IIIa4 (10.5)4 (10.0)8
Grade IIIb2 (5.3)2 (5.0)4
Grade IV1 (2.6)1 (2.5)2
Grade V (death)0 (0)0 (0)0
Total ≥ grade II21 (55.3)11 (27.5)32


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