Internal vs oral bile reinfusion for hepatic recovery after percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage

doi:10.4240/wjgs.118865

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2026; 18(9): 118865
Published online Sep 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.118865

Table 6 Safety profile and complications, n (%)

Adverse event	Observation group (n = 55)	Control group (n = 45)	P value
Catheter-related complications	7 (12.7)	6 (13.3)	0.926
Catheter site infection	4 (7.3)	4 (8.9)	0.760
Catheter obstruction	2 (3.6)	1 (2.2)	0.665
Catheter dislodgement	1 (1.8)	1 (2.2)	0.873
Cholangitis	2 (3.6)	3 (6.7)	0.661
Hyponatremia	3 (5.5)	8 (17.8)	0.048
Hypokalemia	2 (3.6)	7 (15.6)	0.038
Protocol completion	52 (94.5)	38 (84.4)	0.081

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Citation: Wang Y, Xi JW, Zhang WS, Wu QL, Liu F, Xie YL, Cao ZL. Internal vs oral bile reinfusion for hepatic recovery after percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(9): 118865
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i9/118865.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.118865

Wang Y, Xi JW, Zhang WS, Wu QL, Liu F, Xie YL, Cao ZL. Internal vs oral bile reinfusion for hepatic recovery after percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(9): 118865 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.118865]

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