M-type dual-channel endoscopy with zebra guidewire lithotripsy for phytobezoars

doi:10.4240/wjgs.116919

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2026; 18(9): 116919
Published online Sep 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.116919

Table 1 Baseline demographic characteristics, n (%)/mean ± SD

Parameters	Conventional endoscopy group (n = 67)	Combined endoscopy group (n = 43)	t/χ²	P value
Age (years)	48.64 ± 14.21	52.41 ± 13.23	1.395	0.166
Gender			2.037	0.154
Male	36 (53.73)	29 (67.44)
Female	31 (46.27)	14 (32.56)
BMI (kg/m²)	25.33 ± 3.90	25.65 ± 4.25	0.403	0.687
Social history
Alcohol	29 (43.28)	18 (41.86)	0.022	0.883
Smoking	19 (28.36)	12 (27.91)	0.003	0.959
Comorbidities
Hypertension	45 (67.16)	29 (67.44)	0.001	0.976
Diabetes	41 (61.19)	26 (60.47)	0.006	0.939
Chronic heart disease	23 (34.33)	15 (34.88)	0.004	0.952
Hyperlipidemia	36 (53.73)	23 (53.49)	0.001	0.980
Peptic ulcer	27 (40.30)	17 (39.53)	0.006	0.936
Gastrointestinal surgery history
Stomach
Bilroth 2 gastrectomy	9 (13.43)	6 (13.95)	0.006	0.938
Subtotal gastrectomy	4 (5.97)	3 (6.98)	0.000	1.000
Esophagus (Nissen fundoplication)	2 (2.99)	1 (2.33)	0.000	1.000

BMI: Body mass index.

Full Size Table

Citation: Hong WM, Du J. M-type dual-channel endoscopy with zebra guidewire lithotripsy for phytobezoars. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(9): 116919
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i9/116919.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.116919

Hong WM, Du J. M-type dual-channel endoscopy with zebra guidewire lithotripsy for phytobezoars. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(9): 116919 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.116919]

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