Efficacy of thrombin spray combined with clip closure after colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection

Table 4 Comparison of pathological indicators between two groups, n (%)

Item	Study Group (n = 59)	Control Group (n = 61)	Statistic	P value
En bloc resection rate	57 (96.6)	58 (95.1)	χ2 = 0.171	0.679
R0 resection rate	55 (93.2)	56 (91.8)	χ2 = 0.081	0.776
Lesion invasion depth			Fisher’s exact test	> 0.99
Mucosal layer	58 (98.3)	59 (96.7)
Shallow submucosal layer	1 (1.7)	2 (3.3)
Deep submucosal layer	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)

Fisher’s exact test was used for lesion invasion depth due to theoretical frequency < 5; the P value of > 0.99 reflects a near-identical distribution of invasion depth between groups.