Refined endoscopic technique combined with cold forceps polypectomy for diminutive colorectal polyps

Table 4 Predictors of local recurrence rate of diminutive adenomatous polyps based on univariate analysis and multivariable analysis, n (%)

Factors	Total (n = 158)	No local recurrence (n = 150)	Local recurrence (n = 8)	P value (univariate analysis)	Multivariate logistic regression analysis			Multivariate logistic regression analysis (confounding excluded)
					P value	OR	95%CI	P value	OR	95%CI
Age (year)				0.6801	/	/	/	/	/	/
≤ 65	127 (80.4)	120 (80.0)	7 (87.5)
> 65	31 (19.6)	30 (20.0)	1 (12.5)
Sex				0.4761	/	/	/	/	/	/
Male	83 (52.5)	80 (53.3)	3 (37.5)
Female	75 (47.5)	70 (46.7)	5 (62.5)
BBPS				0.8611	/	/	/	/	/	/
6	11 (7.0)	10 (6.6)	1 (12.5)
7	66 (41.8)	63 (42.0)	3 (37.5)
8	75 (47.4)	71 (47.3)	4 (50.0)
9	6 (3.8)	6 (4.0)	0 (0)
Size (mm)				0.2971	0.230	0.390	0.076-1.996	0.105	6.516	0.677-62.683
≤ 3	88 (55.7)	82 (54.7)	6 (75.0)
> 3	70 (44.3)	68 (45.3)	2 (25.0)
Location				0.7111	/	/	/	/	/	/
Right	99 (62.7)	93 (62.0)	6 (75.0)
Left	59 (37.3)	57 (38.0)	2 (25.0)
Morphology				0.2091	/	/	/	/	/	/
0-Isp	19 (12.0)	19 (12.7)	0 (0)
0-Is	30 (19.0)	30 (20.0)	0 (0)
0-IIa	102 (64.6)	94 (62.7)	8 (100)
0-IIb	7 (4.4)	7 (4.6)	0 (0)
Therapeutic approaches				0.7191	0.466	0.584	0.135-2.532	0.510	0.558	0.098-3.165
CFP-NBI-flush	78 (49.4)	75 (50.0)	3 (37.5)
CSP	80 (50.6)	75 (50.0)	5 (62.5)
En bloc resection rate				0.0711	0.072	0.224	0.049-1.017	0.012a	0.084	0.012-0.571
Yes	138 (87.3)	133 (88.7)	5 (62.5)
No	20 (12.7)	17 (11.3)	3 (37.5)
IPB				0.0151	0.012	9.53	1.960-46.373	0.008a	9.543	1.785-51.004
Yes	12 (7.6)	9 (6.0)	3 (37.5)
No	146 (92.4)	141 (94.0)	5 (62.5)
Time taken for polypectomy (second)	41.5 (32.0, 52.0)	41.0 (32.0, 52.0)	52.0 (43.5, 79.0)	0.0372	0.504	1.01	0.99-1.03	/	/	/
Number of tissue retrieval				0.5671	/	/	/	/	/	/
Yes	152 (96.2)	144 (96.0)	8 (100)
No	6 (3.8)	6 (4.0)	0 (0)
Surgical treatment cost (CNY)	374.9 ± 51.9	372.4 ± 49.6	421.4 ± 73.4	0.0083	/	/	/	/	/	/

¹χ² test.

²Mann-Whitney U test.

³t test.

^aP < 0.05.

The multivariate logistic regression model 1 included variables with P < 0.20 in univariate analyses. The confounding excluded model included size, therapeutic approach, en bloc resection, and immediate procedural bleeding after excluding collinear variables. Besides, the outcome was coded as local recurrence (yes = 1). BBPS: Boston Bowel Preparation Score; CFP: Cold forceps polypectomy; NBI: Narrow-band imaging; CSP: Cold snare polypectomy; IPB: Immediate procedural bleeding.