Individualized enhanced recovery after pancreaticoduodenectomy surgical pathways management: Key variables and optimization strategies

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v18.i7.120727

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Surg. Jul 27, 2026; 18(7): 120727
Published online Jul 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i7.120727

Table 2 Perioperative individualized enhanced recovery after surgery optimization strategies for pancreaticoduodenectomy

Perioperative stage	Individualized management strategies
Preoperative	Comprehensive risk stratification; targeted nutritional intervention; selective preoperative biliary drainage (TB ≥ 250 μmol/L); comorbidity optimization; MDT evaluation; personalized education
Intraoperative	Goal-directed fluid therapy; intraoperative warming; personalized anastomosis; locally calibrated FRS-guided drainage placement
Postoperative	Risk-stratified multimodal analgesia; graded enteral/oral feeding; progressive early mobilization; risk-adjusted catheter removal; stratified complication monitoring

TB: Total bilirubin; MDT: Multi-disciplinary team; FRS: Fistula Risk Score.

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Citation: Cai PC, Luo C, Liu JP. Individualized enhanced recovery after pancreaticoduodenectomy surgical pathways management: Key variables and optimization strategies. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(7): 120727
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i7/120727.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v18.i7.120727

Cai PC, Luo C, Liu JP. Individualized enhanced recovery after pancreaticoduodenectomy surgical pathways management: Key variables and optimization strategies. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(7): 120727 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i7.120727]

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