Association of Watson-based humanistic fast track surgery with stoma colorectal cancer recovery: A propensity matched study

Table 3 Comparison of secondary outcomes in the matched cohort (n = 250), n (%)/mean ± SD

Outcome dimension	Watson-FTS (n = 125)	Routine care (n = 125)	Unadjusted difference	Adjusted effect (95%CI)1	P value
Physiological and functional
First ambulation time (hours)	26.4 ± 6.2	38.9 ± 8.5	-12.5	β: -12.1 (-13.8 to -10.4)	< 0.001
Postoperative stay (days)2, median (IQR)	7.0 (6.0, 8.0)	9.0 (7.5, 11.0)	-2.0	β: -1.8 (-2.3 to -1.3)	< 0.001
Discharge KPS score	84.5 ± 5.2	78.2 ± 6.1	+6.3	β: +5.9 (4.6-7.2)	< 0.001
Humanistic process quality
Teach-back completion	115 (92.0)	81 (64.8)	+27.2	aOR: 5.82 (2.76-12.28)	< 0.001
Individualized plan rate	111 (88.8)	65 (52.0)	+36.8	aOR: 7.14 (3.58-14.24)	< 0.001
Self-efficacy milestone3	102 (81.6)	71 (56.8)	+24.8	aOR: 3.25 (1.84-5.74)	< 0.001

¹All models were adjusted for all baseline covariates listed in Table 1 to account for residual confounding.

²P value for length of stay derived from Wilcoxon signed-rank test; β derived from generalized linear model with log-link to account for skewness.

³Defined as the documented independent performance of a complete stoma appliance change by the patient prior to discharge.

β: Adjusted regression coefficient. KPS: Karnofsky Performance Status; FTS: Fast track surgery; aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.