Efficacy and safety of adjuvant targeted immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with high recurrence risks after hepatectomy

Table 5 Baseline characteristics of 372 participants on follow-up, n (%)/mean ± SD

	PSM before (n = 372)			PSM after (n = 176)
	ATG (n = 88)	SG (n = 284)	P value	ATG (n = 88)	SG (n = 88)	P value
Diabetes			0.111			0.294
No	82 (93.2)	247 (87.0)		82 (93.2)	78 (88.6)
Yes	6 (6.8)	37 (13.0)		6 (6.8)	10 (11.4)
ECOG PS			0.089			0.064
0	69 (78.4)	196 (69.0)		69 (78.4)	58 (65.9)
1	19 (21.6)	88 (31.0)		19 (21.6)	30 (34.1)
BMI (kg/m2)	22.5 ± 2.7	22.8 ± 2.7	0.386	22.5 ± 2.7	22.8 ± 2.7	0.520
Age (years)			0.678			0.639
> 60	31 (35.2)	107 (37.7)		31 (35.2)	34 (38.6)
≤ 60	57 (64.8)	177 (62.3)		57 (64.8)	54 (61.4)
Sex			0.625			0.799
Female	8 (9.1)	31 (10.9)		8 (9.1)	9 (10.2)
Male	80 (90.9)	253 (89.1)		80 (90.9)	79 (89.8)
HBsAg			0.505			0.245
Negative	29 (33.0)	83 (29.2)		29 (33.0)	22 (25.0)
Positive	59 (67.0)	201 (70.8)		59 (67.0)	66 (75.0)
HBsAb			0.882			0.528
Negative	33 (37.5)	109 (38.4)		33 (37.5)	29 (33.0)
Positive	55 (62.5)	175 (61.6)		55 (62.5)	59 (67.0)
HCV			0.536			1.000
Negative	86 (97.7)	271 (95.4)		86 (97.7)	87 (98.9)
Positive	2 (2.3)	13 (4.6)		2 (2.3)	1 (1.1)
HBV-DNA (IU/mL)			0.777			0.546
> 2000	39 (44.3)	121 (42.6)		39 (44.3)	43 (48.9)
≤ 2000	49 (55.7)	163 (57.4)		49 (55.7)	45 (51.1)
AFP (μg/L)			0.006			0.525
> 400	32 (36.4)	62 (21.8)		32 (36.4)	28 (31.8)
≤ 400	56 (63.6)	222 (78.2)		56 (63.6)	60 (68.2)
ALBI score			0.589			1.000
1	25 (28.4)	97 (34.2)		25 (28.4)	25 (28.4)
2	61 (69.3)	182 (64.1)		61 (69.3)	62 (70.5)
3	2 (2.3)	5 (1.8)		2 (2.3)	1 (1.1)
WBC (× 109/L)	6.7 ± 2.4	6.4 ± 2.4	0.255	6.7 ± 2.4	6.7 ± 3.1	0.924
RBC (× 1012/L)	4.6 ± 0.7	4.6 ± 0.6	0.539	4.6 ± 0.7	4.6 ± 0.6	0.882
Hb (g/L)	135.0 ± 20.6	137.9 ± 18.9	0.214	135.0 ± 20.6	138.9 ± 16.5	0.173
PLT (× 109/L)	216.0 ± 80.6	199.0 ± 83.7	0.095	216.0 ± 80.6	207.2 ± 80.6	0.471
ALP (umol/L)	102.0 ± 68.5	100.9 ± 60.8	0.888	102.0 ± 68.5	99.5 ± 45.0	0.772
AST (U/L)	52.7 ± 59.8	61.8 ± 95.8	0.405	52.7 ± 59.8	59.6 ± 82.6	0.527
ALT (U/L)	53.3 ± 75.0	59.4 ± 87.6	0.558	53.3 ± 75.0	59.4 ± 79.7	0.601
Hydroperitoneum			0.257			0.353
No	57 (64.8)	202 (71.1)		57 (64.8)	51 (58.0)
Yes	31 (35.2)	82 (28.9)		31 (35.2)	37 (42.0)
Child-Pugh grade			0.656			0.755
A	83 (94.3)	264 (93.0)		83 (94.3)	82 (93.2)
B	5 (5.7)	20 (7.0)		5 (5.7)	6 (6.8)
Number of tumors			0.710			0.479
≥ 2	23 (26.1)	80 (28.2)		23 (26.1)	19 (21.6)
1	65 (73.9)	204 (71.8)		65 (73.9)	69 (78.4)
Maximum tumor diameter (mm)	72.6 ± 37.9	64.6 ± 35.0	0.067	72.6 ± 37.9	63.9 ± 35.9	0.119
Cirrhosis			0.070			0.226
No	44 (50.0)	111 (39.1)		44 (50.0)	36 (40.9)
Yes	44 (50.0)	173 (60.9)		44 (50.0)	52 (59.1)
PVTT			0.601			0.245
0	71 (80.7)	243 (85.6)		71 (80.7)	80 (90.9)
1	5 (5.7)	14 (4.9)		5 (5.7)	3 (3.4)
2	8 (9.1)	16 (5.6)		8 (9.1)	3 (3.4)
3	4 (4.5)	11 (3.9)		4 (4.5)	2 (2.3)
HVTT			1.000			1.000
No	84 (95.5)	272 (95.8)		84 (95.5)	83 (94.3)
Yes	4 (4.5)	12 (4.2)		4 (4.5)	5 (5.7)

ECOG PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status; BMI: Body mass index; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HBsAb: Hepatitis B surface antibody; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; ALBI: Albumin-bilirubin score; WBC: White blood cell; RBC: Red blood cell; Hb: Hemoglobin; PLT: Platelet; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; PVTT: Portal vein tumor thrombus; HVTT: Hepatic vein tumor thrombus; PSM: Propensity score matching; ATG: Adjuvant therapy group; SG: Surgery-alone group.