Attitudes and technical maneuvers regarding enterostomy management and stoma creation among surgeons: A cross-sectional study

Table 5 Technical maneuvers in stoma creation, n (%)

Items	n = 401
Shape of skin incision
Straight	110 (27.4)
Subcircular	286 (71.3)
Other	5 (1.3)
What do you think about the correlation between skin incision length and the size of the exteriorized intestine?
Incision size should be larger than the diameter of the intestine	111 (27.7)
Incision size should be close to the diameter of intestine	244 (60.9)
Incision size should be smaller than the diameter of intestine	46 (11.5)
Management of subcutaneous tissue
Excision	207 (51.6)
Preservation	110 (27.4)
Selective management	84 (21.0)
Shape of the obliquus externus abdominis aponeurosis incision
Cruciform	217 (54.1)
Cross shape, random direction	44 (11.0)
Straight shape, along the long axis	103 (25.7)
Straight shape, along the abdominal fascia	29 (7.2)
Flexible performance	8 (2.0)
Management of rectus abdominis/ abdominal wall muscle
Blunt dissection without complete muscle rupture	214 (53.4)
Partial dissection until the posterior sheath or peritoneum is exposed	145 (36.2)
Sharp dissection of the muscle in the projection region of the stoma	10 (2.5)
Selective management	32 (8.0)
Retention length of the proximal intestine in permanent stoma
Preserve the shortest possible length while ensuring adequate exteriorization of the bowel	123 (30.7)
Preserve as long as possible	92 (23.0)
Selectively performance	186 (46.4)
Layers for suturing and fixation in defunctioning stoma creation (multiple answers)
Peritoneum (or posterior rectus abdominis sheath)	274 (68.3)
Muscle	18 (4.5)
Anterior rectus abdominis sheath	218 (54.4)
Subcutaneous tissue	107 (26.7)
Skin	323 (80.6)
No suture or fixation	12 (3.0)
Layers for suturing and fixation in permanent stoma creation (multiple answers)
Peritoneum (or posterior rectus abdominis sheath)	349 (87.0)
Muscle	29 (7.2)
Anterior rectus abdominis sheath	304 (75.9)
Subcutaneous tissue	131 (32.7)
Skin	339 (84.5)
No suture or fixation	6 (1.5)
Opening direction of loop stomas
Along the long axis of the intestine	277 (69.1)
Perpendicular to the long axis of the intestine	99 (24.7)
Selective orientation	25 (6.2)

For multiple-answer items, percentages indicate the response rate for each option and therefore do not sum to 100%.