Comprehensive strategy for preventing unplanned extubation in patients with post-operative delirium after gastrointestinal surgery

doi:10.4240/wjgs.117179

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Surg. Jun 27, 2026; 18(6): 117179
Published online Jun 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.117179

Table 1 Comparison of baseline demographic and clinical characteristics between groups, mean ± SD

Variable	Intervention group (n = 60)	Control group (n = 58)	t/χ²	P value
Age (years)	63.40 ± 8.70	64.10 ± 9.20	0.425	0.672
Female/male	26/34	30/30	0.290	0.590
BMI (kg/m²)	23.80 ± 3.10	24.20 ± 3.40	0.668	0.505
Surgery type (gastric/colorectal/pancreatic)	22/25/13	20/26/12	0.121	0.941
Duration of surgery (hours)	4.20 ± 1.10	4.40 ± 1.30	0.903	0.368
APACHE II score	16.30 ± 3.20	16.80 ± 3.50	0.810	0.419
POD subtype (hyperactive/mixed)	39/21	37/21	0.020	0.991
Pre-operative MMSE score	27.40 ± 1.80	27.10 ± 2.00	0.857	0.393

BMI: Body mass index; APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; POD: Post-operative delirium; MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination.

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Citation: Yu YH, Yang JJ. Comprehensive strategy for preventing unplanned extubation in patients with post-operative delirium after gastrointestinal surgery. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(6): 117179
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i6/117179.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.117179

Yu YH, Yang JJ. Comprehensive strategy for preventing unplanned extubation in patients with post-operative delirium after gastrointestinal surgery. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(6): 117179 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.117179]

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