Combined inflammatory markers and amylase levels for early detection of postoperative pancreatic fistula following laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy

Table 1 Baseline characteristics in no clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula groups following laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy, mean ± SD/median (interquartile range)

Parameter	No CR-POPF (n = 36)	CR-POPF (n = 31)	P value
Gender			0.142
Male	19	22
Female	17	9
Age (years)	66 (58, 70.75)	64 (56, 74)	0.988
Body mass index (kg/cm2)	19.78 ± 3.25	18.65 ± 3.04	0.165
Pathological type			0.333
Pancreatic cancer	15	6
Bile duct cancer	9	11
Ampullary cancer	6	5
Duodenal malignancy	4	5
Other	2	4
Operation time (minutes)	360 (322.5, 415)	348 (300, 460)	0.933
Intraoperative bleeding (mL)	145 (100, 500)	170 (145, 280)	0.42
Intraoperative transfusion			0.089
Yes	12	17
No	24	14
Hospital stays (days)	24 (20, 30.25)	35 (27, 42)	0.001
Drain fluid amylase concentration (U/L)
POD1	2304 (1195, 3496)	7177 (4386, 11581)	< 0.001
POD3	415.5 (222.3, 3311)	1860 (1370, 2888)	0.037
Serum amylase concentration (U/L)
POD1	81.83 (23.4, 199.9)	156 (89.65, 307.8)	0.049
POD3	39.05 (25.29, 360.4)	53.21 (17.42, 86.53)	0.522
Drain-to-serum amylase concentration ratio
POD1	22.05 (10.4, 48.65)	37 (23, 48)	0.022
POD3	9.55 (5.625, 13.18)	42 (25, 80)	< 0.001

CR-POPF: Clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula; POD: Postoperative day.