Clinical value of computed tomography-based three-dimensional reconstruction of the pelvis and mesorectum in middle to low rectal carcinoma

Table 6 Comparison of clinicopathological data in both genders and short-term operative outcome in 103 patients with middle and lower rectal carcinoma

	Male (n = 71)	Female (n = 32)	P value
Age (years)	66 ± 11.98	62.16 ± 11.23	0.128
BMI (kg/m2)	22.56 ± 3.08	22.76 ± 2.54	0.748
Underlying comorbidities	39 (54.9)	9 (28.1)	0.012
Diabetes	9 (12.7)	5 (15.6)	0.926
Hypertension	31 (43.7)	8 (25)	0.071
Heart disease	8 (11.3)	0	0.114
Pulmonary disease	3 (4.2)	0	0.550
Stroke	2 (2.8)	2 (6.3)	0.777
Other	2 (2.8)	2 (6.3)	0.777
History of previous abdominal surgery	7 (9.9)	9 (28.1)	0.038a
Neoadjuvant therapy	3 (4.2)	1 (3.1)	1.000
Hypoalbuminemia	14 (19.7)	3 (9.4)	0.191
Anemia	52 (73.2)	21 (65.6)	0.431
Blood transfusion	2 (2.8)	0	1.000
Tumor height (cm)	7 (6, 8)	8 (6.25, 10)	0.063
Tumor maximum diameter (cm)	4 (3, 5)	3.5 (3, 5)	0.134
Intraoperative preventive ostomy	28 (39.4)	8 (25)	0.155
pT/ypT staging			0.420
T0	0	1
Tis	3 (4.2)	1 (3.1)
T1	8 (11.3)	4 (12.5)
T2	6 (8.5)	7 (21.9)
T3	52 (73.2)	18 (56.3)
T4a	2 (2.8)	1 (3.1)
pN/ypN staging			0.481
N0	41 (57.7)	20 (62.5)
N1	17 (23.9)	9 (28.1)
N2	13 (18.3)	3 (9.4)
pTNM/ypTNM staging			0.143
0	3 (4.2)	2 (6.3)
I	9 (12.7)	11 (34.4)
II	29 (40.8)	7 (21.9)
III	30 (42.3)	12 (37.5)
Tumor differentiation grade			0.094
N/A	1 (1.4)	1 (3.1)
Well-differentiated	4 (5.6)	2 (6.3)
Moderately differentiated to well-differentiated	7 (9.9)	4 (12.5)
Moderately differentiated	45 (63.4)	25 (78.1)
Moderately differentiated to poorly differentiated	11 (15.5)	0
Poorly differentiated	3 (4.2)	0
Surgical time (minutes)	222 (178, 265)	195 (154.5, 239.25)	0.216
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	50 (30, 50)	30 (20, 50)	0.034a
Postoperative complications (CD grade)			0.230
No complications	51 (71.8)	26 (81.3)
I	3 (4.2)	2 (6.3)
II	12 (16.9)	4 (12.5)
III	4 (5.6)	0
IV	1 (1.4)	0
Duration of postoperative hospital stay (day)	14 (11, 16)	13.5 (12, 16.75)	0.983
Postoperative anal evacuation time (day)	2 (2, 2)	2 (2, 3)	0.156
Postoperative resumption of semi-liquid food time (day)	7 (4, 9)	8 (5, 9)	0.755

^aP < 0.05.

In the case of normal distribution, the data are presented as mean ± SD. For non-normal distribution, median (Q1, Q3) is used. Count and ordinal data are represented as n (%). N/A: Not applicable, BMI: Body mass index; CD: Clavien-Dindo.