Clinical value of computed tomography-based three-dimensional reconstruction of the pelvis and mesorectum in middle to low rectal carcinoma

Table 2 Clinical and pathological characteristics data of 103 patients in the laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer

	Range	mean ± SD/median (Q1, Q3)	Number of cases, n (%)
Age (year)	32-89	64.81 ± 11.832
Gender
Male			71 (68.9)
Female			32 (31.1)
BMI (kg/m2)	15.94-33.980	22.63 ± 2.910
Underlying comorbidities			48 (46.6)
Diabetes			14 (13.6)
Hypertension			39 (37.9)
Heart disease			8 (7.8)
Pulmonary disease			3 (2.9)
Stroke			4 (3.9)
Other			4 (3.9)
History of previous abdominal surgery			16 (15.5)
Neoadjuvant therapy			4 (3.9)
Hypoalbuminemia			17 (16.5)
Anemia			73 (70.9)
Blood transfusion			2 (1.9)
Tumor height (cm)	4-10	7 (6, 8)
Tumor maximum diameter (cm)	0.9-10	3.9 (3, 5)
Intraoperative preventive ostomy			36 (35.0)
pT/ypT staging
T0			1 (1.0)
Tis			4 (3.9)
T1			12 (11.7)
T2			13 (12.6)
T3			70 (68.0)
T4a			3 (2.9)
pN/ypN staging
N0			61 (59.2)
N1			26 (25.2)
N2			16 (15.5)
pTNM/ypTNM staging
0			5 (4.9)
I			20 (19.4)
II			36 (35)
III			42 (40.8)
Tumor differentiation grade
N/A			2 (1.9)
Well-differentiated			6 (5.8)
Moderately differentiated to well-differentiated			11 (10.7)
Moderately differentiated			70 (68)
Moderately differentiated to poorly differentiated			11 (10.7)
Poorly differentiated			3 (2.9)
Surgical time (minute)	78-892	222.83 (173, 260)
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	10-300	50 (20, 50)
Postoperative complications (CD grade)
No complications			77 (74.8)
I			5 (4.9)
II			16 (15.5)
III			4 (3.9)
IV			1 (1.0)
Duration of postoperative hospital stay (days)	6-56	14 (12, 16)
Postoperative anal evacuation time (days)	1-7	2 (2, 3)
Postoperative resumption of semi-liquid food time (days)	3-17	7 (5, 9)

If the data follows a normal distribution: mean ± SD will be used to represent numerical data. The n (%) will be used to represent count and ordinal data. If the data does not follow a normal distribution: Median (Q1, Q3) will be used to represent numerical data. The n (%) will be used to represent count and ordinal data. N/A: Not applicable, BMI: Body mass index; CD: Clavien-Dindo.