Endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer: A review of comparative perspectives on treatment outcomes vs gastrectomy

Table 3 Summary table of clinical studies on endoscopic submucosal dissection for early-stage gastric cancer

Research level	Type of research	Key findings	Ref.
Short-term efficacy and safety	Retrospective study	The short-term efficacy of the ESD group was comparable to that of the conventional surgery group, with no statistically significant difference in the overall response rate	Ling et al[15]
	Retrospective study	The ESD group demonstrated superior safety in terms of short-term efficacy	Hahn et al[33]
Long-term outcome	Multicentre prospective study	The 5-year OS rate for ESD is comparable to that of surgical gastrectomy	Takizawa et al[34]
	Propensity score matching retrospective study	The five-year recurrence-free survival rate for SR is superior to that of ESD, and it has a broader range of indications	Fukunaga et al[35], Lim et al[36]
	Integration of research data	SR shows no clear advantage, but patients with SR have a better 5-year disease-free survival than those with ESD in the expanded indication	Xu et al[37]
Prognosis and monitoring	Multicentre retrospective cohort study	The incidence of post-ESD synchronous cancer remains stable, and standardised monitoring allows for the management of almost all recurrent lesions	Kato et al[42]
	Related research	Complications associated with ESD are manageable, with a 5-year OS rate of 99.3% in specific patients (95%CI: 97.1%-99.8%)	Takizawa et al[34]
Summary		ESD is a minimally invasive, safe and effective treatment for early-stage gastric cancer, although some outcomes are inferior to those of surgical resection; synchronous or metachronous gastric cancer following the procedure affects prognosis and requires standardised endoscopic monitoring

ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; OS: Overall survival; SR: Surgical resection.