Complete range of nursing actions for agitated behaviour in elderly patients with emergency liver cirrhosis and bleeding

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v18.i5.115612

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Randomized Controlled Trial

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Surg. May 27, 2026; 18(5): 115612
Published online May 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i5.115612

Table 3 Comparison of neuroendocrine and inflammatory index changes in two groups, mean ± SD

Group	n	Cortisol (μg/dL)		Norepinephrine (pg/mL)		Interleukin-6 (pg/mL)		Tumor necrosis factor alpha (pg/mL)
Group	n	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
Control	90	22.42 ± 5.11	18.56 ± 4.13	842.46 ± 156.67	678.69 ± 134.25	89.36 ± 20.12	61.21 ± 14.35	45.67 ± 10.29	32.67 ± 7.83
Observation	90	22.15 ± 4.92	14.36 ± 3.22	835.89 ± 162.23	436.78 ± 98.10	88.76 ± 21.37	32.52 ± 8.76	44.85 ± 11.12	18.32 ± 5.16
t value		0.361	7.608	0.276	13.802	0.194	16.189	0.513	14.518
P value		0.718	0.000	0.783	0.000	0.846	0.000	0.608	0.000

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Citation: Li YN, Zhang JM, Wang HY. Complete range of nursing actions for agitated behaviour in elderly patients with emergency liver cirrhosis and bleeding. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(5): 115612
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i5/115612.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v18.i5.115612

Li YN, Zhang JM, Wang HY. Complete range of nursing actions for agitated behaviour in elderly patients with emergency liver cirrhosis and bleeding. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(5): 115612 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i5.115612]

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