Complete range of nursing actions for agitated behaviour in elderly patients with emergency liver cirrhosis and bleeding

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v18.i5.115612

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Randomized Controlled Trial

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Surg. May 27, 2026; 18(5): 115612
Published online May 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i5.115612

Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between the control group and the observation group, n (%)/mean ± SD

Characteristic	Control group (n = 90)	Observation group (n = 90)	P value
Sex
Male	58 (64.4)	56 (62.2)	0.120
Female	32 (35.6)	34 (37.8)
Age (years)
Range	60-82	61-83
	68.59 ± 5.23	69.21 ± 5.56	0.082
Etiology of cirrhosis
Hepatitis B	38 (42.2)	36 (40.0)	0.921
Hepatitis C	12 (13.3)	14 (15.6)
Alcoholic liver disease	25 (27.8)	23 (25.6)
Others	15 (16.7)	17 (18.9)
Severity of bleeding
Mild (< 500 mL)	28 (31.1)	30 (33.3)	0.381
Moderate (500-1000 mL)	42 (46.7)	40 (44.4)
Severe (> 1000 mL)	20 (22.2)	20 (22.2)
Child-Pugh classification
Grade A	22 (24.4)	24 (26.7)	0.743
Grade B	45 (50.0)	43 (47.8)
Grade C	23 (25.6)	23 (25.6)
Comorbidities
Hypertension	38 (42.2)	40 (44.4)	0.234
Diabetes mellitus	21 (23.3)	19 (21.1)

Full Size Table

Citation: Li YN, Zhang JM, Wang HY. Complete range of nursing actions for agitated behaviour in elderly patients with emergency liver cirrhosis and bleeding. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(5): 115612
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i5/115612.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v18.i5.115612

Li YN, Zhang JM, Wang HY. Complete range of nursing actions for agitated behaviour in elderly patients with emergency liver cirrhosis and bleeding. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(5): 115612 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i5.115612]

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