Predictive value of preoperative shock index for postoperative outcomes in traumatic splenic rupture patients undergoing splenectomy

Table 6 Comparison of main prognostic indicators among three groups, n (%)/median (interquartile range)

Indicator	Low SI group (n = 78)	Moderate SI group (n = 89)	High SI group (n = 45)	Statistic	P value	Effect size	Pairwise comparison P values2
Postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grading)				χ2 = 31.781	< 0.001	Cramer’s V = 0.274	P = 0.0033, P < 0.0014, P = 0.0245
No complications	48 (61.5)	32 (36.0)	8 (17.8)
Grade I	18 (23.1)	25 (28.1)	12 (26.7)
Grade II	9 (11.5)	21 (23.6)	13 (28.9)
Grade III	3 (3.8)	8 (9.0)	7 (15.6)
Grade IV	0 (0.0)	3 (3.4)	3 (6.7)
Grade V	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	2 (4.4)
Severe complications (≥ grade III)	3 (3.8)	11 (12.4)	12 (26.7)	χ2 = 12.581	0.002	Cramer’s V = 0.244	P = 0.0633, P < 0.0014, P = 0.0425
30-day postoperative mortality	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	2 (4.4)	Fisher’s exact test	0.039
ICU admission rate	15 (19.2)	42 (47.2)	34 (75.6)	χ2 = 32.171	< 0.001	Cramer’s V = 0.390	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P = 0.0035
Mechanical ventilation time (hours)	8.5 (4.2-18.6)	22.4 (12.8-38.7)	48.2 (28.6-72.4)	H = 56.8	< 0.001	ε2 = 0.268	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
Hospital stays (days)	12.5 (8.2-18.4)	16.8 (11.2-24.6)	23.7 (15.8-35.2)	H = 32.4	< 0.001	ε2 = 0.153	P = 0.0093, P < 0.0014, P = 0.0185

¹Linear trend χ² test.

²Pairwise comparisons corrected α = 0.0167, categorical variables using Bonferroni-corrected paired χ² test, non-parametric variables using Dunn-Bonferroni test.

³Low shock index group vs moderate shock index group.

⁴Low shock index group vs high shock index group.

⁵Moderate shock index group vs high shock index group.

ICU: Intensive care unit; SI: Shock index.