Predictive value of preoperative shock index for postoperative outcomes in traumatic splenic rupture patients undergoing splenectomy

Table 3 Comparison of laboratory test indicators among three groups, mean ± SD

Indicator	Low SI group (n = 78)	Moderate SI group (n = 89)	High SI group (n = 45)	Statistic	P value	Effect size	Pairwise comparison P values2
Blood routine indicators
Hemoglobin (g/L)	118.3 ± 18.7	96.7 ± 16.4	78.2 ± 15.8	F = 89.6	< 0.001	η2 = 0.461	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
Red blood cell count (× 1012/L)	3.94 ± 0.62	3.23 ± 0.55	2.61 ± 0.53	F = 87.3	< 0.001	η2 = 0.455	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
Hematocrit (%)	35.4 ± 5.6	28.9 ± 4.9	23.4 ± 4.7	F = 88.9	< 0.001	η2 = 0.459	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
White blood cell count (× 109/L)	9.8 ± 3.2	12.4 ± 4.1	15.6 ± 5.3	F = 32.4	< 0.001	η2 = 0.237	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P = 0.0015
Platelet count (× 109/L)	245.6 ± 68.4	198.3 ± 58.7	128.4 ± 46.2	F = 42.8	< 0.001	η2 = 0.291	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
Coagulation function indicators
PT (seconds)	12.8 ± 1.6	14.2 ± 2.1	16.8 ± 2.9	F = 48.9	< 0.001	η2 = 0.319	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
APTT (seconds)	32.4 ± 4.8	36.7 ± 5.9	42.3 ± 7.2	F = 42.1	< 0.001	η2 = 0.287	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
INR	1.08 ± 0.14	1.19 ± 0.18	1.41 ± 0.24	F = 45.6	< 0.001	η2 = 0.303	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
Fibrinogen (g/L)	3.2 ± 0.8	2.8 ± 0.7	2.1 ± 0.6	F = 32.8	< 0.001	η2 = 0.239	P = 0.0033, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
Biochemical indicators
Serum creatinine (μmol/L)	78.4 ± 15.2	89.7 ± 18.6	112.3 ± 24.8	F = 48.7	< 0.001	η2 = 0.318	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L)	5.8 ± 1.4	7.2 ± 1.8	9.6 ± 2.4	F = 58.9	< 0.001	η2 = 0.360	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
Total bilirubin (μmol/L)	18.6 ± 5.2	22.4 ± 6.8	28.7 ± 8.9	F = 32.1	< 0.001	η2 = 0.235	P = 0.0023, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
ALT (U/L)	42.3 ± 12.8	58.7 ± 18.4	78.9 ± 24.6	F = 56.2	< 0.001	η2 = 0.349	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
AST (U/L)	38.9 ± 11.6	67.2 ± 20.8	95.6 ± 28.4	F = 102.8	< 0.001	η2 = 0.496	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
LDH (U/L)	245.8 ± 58.7	324.6 ± 72.9	428.7 ± 89.3	F = 98.4	< 0.001	η2 = 0.485	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
Electrolyte levels
Serum sodium (mmol/L)	139.2 ± 3.4	138.6 ± 3.8	137.1 ± 4.2	F = 4.89	0.008	η2 = 0.0451	P = 0.4383, P = 0.0064, P = 0.0635
Serum potassium (mmol/L)	4.1 ± 0.5	4.3 ± 0.6	4.6 ± 0.7	F = 10.8	< 0.001	η2 = 0.0941	P = 0.0453, P < 0.0014, P = 0.0215
Serum chloride (mmol/L)	103.8 ± 3.2	102.9 ± 3.6	101.4 ± 4.1	F = 6.47	0.002	η2= 0.0581	P = 0.1953, P = 0.0024, P = 0.0515
Blood gas analysis
pH value	7.38 ± 0.05	7.34 ± 0.06	7.28 ± 0.08	F = 39.8	< 0.001	η2 = 0.275	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
PaO2 (mmHg)	88.7 ± 12.4	82.3 ± 14.7	75.1 ± 16.8	F = 15.9	< 0.001	η2 = 0.132	P = 0.0063, P < 0.0014, P = 0.0215
PaCO2 (mmHg)	38.2 ± 4.6	35.8 ± 5.2	32.4 ± 6.1	F = 18.7	< 0.001	η2 = 0.152	P = 0.0093, P < 0.0014, P = 0.0035
Base excess BE (mmol/L)	-1.2 ± 2.4	-4.8 ± 3.1	-8.6 ± 3.8	F = 89.3	< 0.001	η2 = 0.460	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015
Lactate level (mmol/L)	2.8 ± 0.9	4.6 ± 1.3	6.8 ± 1.9	F = 126.4	< 0.001	η2 = 0.547	P < 0.0013, P < 0.0014, P < 0.0015

¹Small effect size, limited clinical significance.

²Pairwise comparisons using Tukey honestly significant difference test, corrected α = 0.0167.

³Low shock index group vs moderate shock index group.

⁴Low shock index group vs high shock index group.

⁵Moderate shock index group vs high shock index group.

PT: Prothrombin time; APTT: Activated partial thromboplastin time; INR: International normalized ratio; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; PaO₂: Arterial oxygen partial pressure; PaCO₂: Arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure; BE: Base excess; SI: Shock index.