Navigation value of intraoperative ultrasound combined with indocyanine green fluorescence in complex hepatocellular carcinoma resection

Table 7 Comparison of follow-up results between two groups, n (%)/median (interquartile rage)

Indicator	Combined navigation group (n = 103)	Conventional surgery group (n = 97)	Statistic	P value
Median follow-up time (months)	29.5 (18-42)	27.8 (16-40)	Z = 0.823	0.411
1-year overall survival rate (%)	89.3	81.4
2-year overall survival rate (%)	76.8	65.2
Overall survival curve comparison1			Log-rank χ2 = 4.521	0.033
1-year disease-free survival rate (%)	72.8	61.9
2-year disease-free survival rate (%)	58.4	45.7
Disease-free survival curve comparison1			Log-rank χ2 = 5.234	0.022
Postoperative recurrence	38 (36.9)	49 (50.5)	χ2 = 3.921	0.048
Recurrence time (months)	16.8 (10.2-24.5)	13.5 (8.6-20.3)	Z = 2.012	0.044
Recurrence site classification
Intrahepatic recurrence only	26 (25.2)	34 (35.1)	χ2 = 2.512	0.113
Single	18 (17.5)	19 (19.6)
Multiple	8 (7.8)	15 (15.5)
Extrahepatic metastasis only	6 (5.8)	6 (6.2)	χ2 = 0.012	0.913
Lung metastasis	4 (3.9)	4 (4.1)
Bone metastasis	1 (1.0)	1 (1.0)
Peritoneal metastasis	1 (1.0)	1 (1.0)
Intrahepatic + extrahepatic metastasis	6 (5.8)	9 (9.3)	χ2 = 0.921	0.337
Total intrahepatic recurrence2	32 (31.1)	43 (44.3)	χ2 = 3.847	0.05
Total extrahepatic metastasis2	12 (11.7)	15 (15.5)	χ2 = 0.621	0.431

¹Log-rank test compares differences in entire survival curves, not survival rate differences at specific time points (such as 1 year or 2 years). 1-year and 2-year survival rates estimated by Kaplan-Meier method.

²“Total intrahepatic recurrence” and “total extrahepatic metastasis” include patients with “intrahepatic + extrahepatic metastasis”, meaning these patients are counted in both totals. For example, combined navigation group total intrahepatic recurrence 32 cases = intrahepatic recurrence only 26 cases + intrahepatic + extrahepatic metastasis 6 cases; conventional surgery group total intrahepatic recurrence 43 cases = intrahepatic recurrence only 34 cases + intrahepatic + extrahepatic metastasis 9 cases. P = 0.050 for total intrahepatic recurrence is at the boundary of statistical significance, suggesting the intrahepatic recurrence rate in the combined navigation group shows a marginally significant trend lower than the conventional surgery group.