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Randomized Controlled Trial
Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Apr 27, 2026; 18(4): 116399
Published online Apr 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i4.116399
Table 5 Comparison of communication interruption and handover efficiency during the handover of surgical instruments between two groups
GroupCommunication-related interruptions (times)Average interruption duration (seconds)Total number of instrument handovers (times)Effective handover rate (%)Average handover time (seconds)
Observation group (n = 60)0.3 ± 0.515.3 ± 5.285.6 ± 12.499.1 ± 0.91.5 ± 0.3
Control group (n = 60)1.1 ± 0.828.7 ± 10.4112.3 ± 18.995.2 ± 2.32.8 ± 0.6
t value5.1236.2259.45812.34115.327
P value< 0.001< 0.001< 0.001< 0.001< 0.001


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