Evaluation of the recovery speed and safety of fastest recovery after surgery vs enhanced recovery after surgery in patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery

Table 4 Dynamic changes in inflammatory and immune parameters in both groups following surgery, mean ± SD

Indicators (units)	Group	Pre-operative	Post-operative 24 hours	Post-operative 72 hours	Post-operative 7 days	Group P value	Time × P value
CRP (mg/L)	FRAS	5.56 ± 5.15	58.69 ± 48.26	50.67 ± 40.57	42.77 ± 38.05	0.275	0.216
	ERAS	5.67 ± 4.72	56.84 ± 48.01	41.07 ± 35.97	45.16 ± 41.52
IL-6 (pg/mL)	FRAS	5.55 ± 5.13	58.68 ± 48.24	50.66 ± 40.55	42.68 ± 37.93	0.274	0.252
	ERAS	5.65 ± 4.70	56.83 ± 48.00	41.07 ± 35.96	45.06 ± 41.36
TNF-α (pg/mL)	FRAS	17.49 ± 16.66	79.30 ± 67.37	49.66 ± 42.80	34.75 ± 31.80	0.285	0.961
	ERAS	17.90 ± 15.44	76.86 ± 67.23	39.77 ± 37.48	36.13 ± 33.58
WBC (× 109/L)	FRAS	7.52 ± 1.15	11.49 ± 1.10	9.89 ± 1.03	8.46 ± 0.86	0.427	0.717
	ERAS	7.47 ± 1.25	11.62 ± 1.16	9.91 ± 1.03	8.56 ± 0.92
NEUT%	FRAS	64.00 ± 7.34	86.27 ± 5.93	78.82 ± 6.38	72.49 ± 8.01	0.617	0.923
	ERAS	63.59 ± 7.65	86.30 ± 6.10	78.28 ± 6.35	72.61 ± 7.18
LYM (× 109/L)	FRAS	1.57 ± 0.50	1.57 ± 0.50	1.60 ± 0.49	1.57 ± 0.51	0.459	0.464
	ERAS	1.58 ± 0.45	1.58 ± 0.49	1.59 ± 0.49	1.47 ± 0.51

Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. CRP: C-reactive protein; IL: Interleukin; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; WBC: White blood cell; NEUT: Neutrophil; LYM: Lymphocyte.