Defining endpoints in percutaneous cholecystostomy: Catheter management, patient survival, and long-term outcomes from a twelve-year retrospective study

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.115744

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Surg. Feb 27, 2026; 18(2): 115744
Published online Feb 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.115744

Table 9 Adjusted Cox proportional hazards model examining the effect of percutaneous cholecystostomy placement time on mortality in the subset of patients with calculous cholecystitis (n = 159)

Characteristic	HR	95%CI	P value
PCT placement interval
Early
Late	2.51	1.21-5.18	0.01
Age	1.05	1.01-1.09	0.01
Charlson Comorbidity Index	1.11	0.96-1.29	0.2
ICU status
ICU
Non-ICU	0.93	0.44-2.00	0.9
Blood culture
Negative
Positive	0.67	0.28-1.60	0.4
Bile culture
Negative
Positive	2.21	1.02-4.79	0.04

PCT: Percutaneous cholecystostomy; CI: Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio; ICU: Intensive care unit.

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Citation: Hassanesfahani M, Giannis D, Marfo N, Kaur M, Quang CMPT, Miele A, Louis MA, Mandava NR. Defining endpoints in percutaneous cholecystostomy: Catheter management, patient survival, and long-term outcomes from a twelve-year retrospective study. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(2): 115744
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i2/115744.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.115744

Hassanesfahani M, Giannis D, Marfo N, Kaur M, Quang CMPT, Miele A, Louis MA, Mandava NR. Defining endpoints in percutaneous cholecystostomy: Catheter management, patient survival, and long-term outcomes from a twelve-year retrospective study. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(2): 115744 [PMID: 41809346 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.115744]

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