©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Feb 27, 2026; 18(2): 115744
Published online Feb 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.115744
Published online Feb 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.115744
Table 7 Covariate analysis conducted based on follow-up status (n = 174), n (%)
| Characteristic | Censored (n = 138) | Expired (n = 36) | SMD: Early vs late |
| Age | 74 (61, 83) | 79 (72, 88) | -0.69 (-1.07, -0.32) |
| CCI | 5.00 (3.00, 6.00) | 6.50 (5.50, 7.00) | -0.81 (-1.19, -0.43) |
| Cholecystitis type | 0.45 (0.08, 0.82) | ||
| Acalculous | 15 (11) | 0 (0) | 0.45 (0.08, 0.82) |
| Calculous | 123 (89) | 36 (100) | -0.45 (-0.82, -0.08) |
| ICU | 0.06 (-0.31, 0.43) | ||
| ICU | 39 (28) | 11 (31) | -0.06 (-0.43, 0.31) |
| Non-ICU | 99 (72) | 25 (69) | 0.06 (-0.31, 0.43) |
| Bile culture | 0.18 (-0.19, 0.55) | ||
| Negative | 50 (36) | 11 (31) | 0.18 (-0.19, 0.55) |
| Positive | 88 (64) | 25 (69) | -0.18 (-0.55, 0.19) |
| Blood culture | 0.01 (-0.37, 0.38) | ||
| Negative | 97 (70) | 28 (78) | 0.01 (-0.37, 0.38) |
| Positive | 41 (30) | 8 (22) | -0.01 (-0.38, 0.37) |
- Citation: Hassanesfahani M, Giannis D, Marfo N, Kaur M, Quang CMPT, Miele A, Louis MA, Mandava NR. Defining endpoints in percutaneous cholecystostomy: Catheter management, patient survival, and long-term outcomes from a twelve-year retrospective study. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(2): 115744
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i2/115744.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.115744