©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Feb 27, 2026; 18(2): 113021
Published online Feb 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.113021
Published online Feb 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.113021
Table 1 Patient baseline characteristics, n (%)/mean ± SD/median (interquartile range)
| Characteristic | Overall (n = 278) | Training set (n = 222) | Test set (n = 56) | LVI-negative (n = 157) | LVI-positive (n = 121) | Test statistic | P value |
| Age (years) | 62.5 ± 11.8 | 62.3 ± 11.9 | 63.2 ± 11.4 | 61.8 ± 12.2 | 63.4 ± 11.2 | 1.148 | 0.254 |
| Gender | 4.651 | 0.031 | |||||
| Male | 164 (59.0) | 131 (59.0) | 33 (58.9) | 85 (54.1) | 79 (65.3) | ||
| Female | 114 (41.0) | 91 (41.0) | 23 (41.1) | 72 (45.9) | 42 (34.7) | ||
| Maximum tumor diameter (cm) | 4.2 ± 1.6 | 4.1 ± 1.5 | 4.5 ± 1.8 | 3.8 ± 1.4 | 4.7 ± 1.7 | 4.982 | < 0.001 |
| CEA (ng/mL) | 8.4 (3.2-21.6) | 8.1 (3.1-20.8) | 9.2 (3.5-24.1) | 5.8 (2.8-15.2) | 14.2 (5.7-35.8) | 4.521 | < 0.001 |
| CA19-9 (U/mL) | 18.3 (8.7-42.5) | 17.9 (8.5-41.2) | 19.8 (9.2-45.7) | 15.1 (7.8-28.6) | 25.8 (12.4-58.9) | 2.947 | 0.003 |
| Differentiation grade | 22.184 | < 0.001 | |||||
| Well-differentiated | 45 (16.2) | 37 (16.7) | 8 (14.3) | 35 (22.3) | 10 (8.3) | ||
| Moderately-differentiated | 198 (71.2) | 158 (71.2) | 40 (71.4) | 115 (73.2) | 83 (68.6) | ||
| Poorly-differentiated | 35 (12.6) | 27 (12.2) | 8 (14.3) | 7 (4.5) | 28 (23.1) | ||
| T stage | 28.756 | < 0.001 | |||||
| T1-T2 | 67 (24.1) | 54 (24.3) | 13 (23.2) | 52 (33.1) | 15 (12.4) | ||
| T3 | 156 (56.1) | 124 (55.9) | 32 (57.1) | 92 (58.6) | 64 (52.9) | ||
| T4 | 55 (19.8) | 44 (19.8) | 11 (19.6) | 13 (8.3) | 42 (34.7) | ||
| N stage | 18.942 | < 0.001 | |||||
| N0 | 142 (51.1) | 114 (51.4) | 28 (50.0) | 98 (62.4) | 44 (36.4) | ||
| N1 | 98 (35.3) | 78 (35.1) | 20 (35.7) | 47 (29.9) | 51 (42.1) | ||
| N2 | 38 (13.7) | 30 (13.5) | 8 (14.3) | 12 (7.6) | 26 (21.5) | ||
| Perineural invasion | 24.317 | < 0.001 | |||||
| Negative | 201 (72.3) | 161 (72.5) | 40 (71.4) | 132 (84.1) | 69 (57.0) | ||
| Positive | 77 (27.7) | 61 (27.5) | 16 (28.6) | 25 (15.9) | 52 (43.0) |
- Citation: Zhu ZH, Liang Y, Shi M. Prediction of lymphovascular invasion in rectal cancer based on multimodal magnetic resonance imaging radiomics model. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(2): 113021
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i2/113021.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.113021