Preventive strategies for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Figure 2 Forest plot comparing the risk of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis between preventive intervention groups and control groups across the 14 included randomized controlled trials. Risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals are presented for each study. The size of each square is proportional to the study weight in the fixed-effect meta-analysis. The diamond at the bottom represents the pooled risk ratio (0.38, 95% confidence interval: 0.30-0.48), indicating a 62% relative risk reduction in favor of preventive strategies. Heterogeneity: χ² = 9.07, df = 13, P = 0.77, I² = 0%. ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; RR: Risk ratio; CI: Confidence interval.